Navegando por Autor "Faustino, Marcella Raphaella"

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    Defensorias Públicas: caminhos e lacunas no acesso à justiça
    (2023) Faustino, Marcella Raphaella; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; Cruz, Marcus Vinícius Gonçalves da
    O artigo visa analisar como as Defensorias Públicas têm buscado ampliar a utilização de métodos extrajudiciais de solução de conflitos. Por meio de pesquisa qualitativa, utilizam-se fontes secundárias para descrever o cenário nacional quanto ao acesso à justiça, as formas de solução de conflitos e a constituição das Defensorias Públicas no Brasil, enquanto questionários enviados às Defensorias e entrevistas para delinear um estudo de caso junto à Defensoria Pública do Estado de Minas Gerais (DPMG) complementaram os procedimentos metodológicos. Os achados de pesquisa apontam que as Defensorias reconhecem a importância da ampliação de sua atuação extrajudicial, mas não como atuação prioritária. Ademais, indicam que a DPMG procura fortalecer seus instrumentos de gestão para ampliar o escopo de sua atuação. Conclui-se que tais instituições ainda não conseguem promover o acesso à justiça em seu sentido amplo, uma vez que seus esforços estão voltados primordialmente à atuação dentro dos processos judiciais. O artigo contribui em termos teóricos para preencher lacuna nos poucos estudos sobre a atuação das Defensorias no país, enquanto a contribuição empírica reforça a necessidade de fortalecimento do papel estratégico dessas instituições em um país de expressiva desigualdade no acesso à justiça.
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    Democratização do acesso à justiça: um estudo sobre a atuação extrajudicial das Defensorias Públicas
    (Fundação João Pinheiro, 2020-03-26) Faustino, Marcella Raphaella; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9562452176702956; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; Cruz, Marcus Vinícius Gonçalves da; Souza, Letícia Godinho de; Orsini , Adriana Goulart de Sena
    The debate regarding the need to expand access to justice beyond access to the Judiciary has shown to be essential in both social and academic scopes. As known, a significant portion of the population can’t see their demands solved by judicial instances for a variety of factors, among which the uneven distribution of its agencies inside the national territory, the absence of financial resources and the lack of knowledge by the general public of their own rights stand out. The Public Defense has the mission of overcoming some of these difficulties. This institution, that strives to ensure the hyposufficient are granted access to justice, has the function of ensuring not only the access to judiciary instances but also the enforcement of rights and the solution of controversies outside them as well. Although it has a fundamental role in society’s transformation, the difficulties faced by the Public Defense in meeting all the demands directed at it are visible. Within this scenario, the institution, which is part of the Brazilian justice system, has sought to expand its collective operations and its extrajudicial operations. The current work focuses on analyzing the degree of importance that the State Public Defense, the Federal District Public Defense and the Union Public Defense have been giving to extrajudicial methods of conflict solving, ampliation and consolidation of rights and, consequently, how they have contributed to the democratization of access to justice. Starting from the national scenario, the current work aims to analyze the extrajudicial actuation of the state of Minas Gerais’s Public Defense, as a case study, looking to observe the similarities of its procedures with the rest of the Public Defenses along with its particularities. To start the research, a bibliographic survey on these themes was performed: access to justice, adequate conflict solving methodologies and constitution of Public Defense in Brazil. Posteriorly, aiming to construct an overview of the performance of Public Defense, a preliminary data collection on each Public Defense’s website and their respective Superior Schools’ websites was performed. Furthermore, data from publications made by the National Justice Council, the National Public Defenders Association and the Justice Forum were obtained. Based on the collected data, an open questionnaire was prepared and sent to all Public Defenses of the country. Moreover, a semi-structured interview script was employed to obtain data from the Public Defense of Minas Gerais, chosen as a case study because of its accessibility. Altogether 15 public defenders and the auxiliary coordinator of the Conciliation Center were interviewed. The obtained data suggest that despite the Public Defenses’ recognition of the importance of ampliation of their extrajudicial actions, they still don’t prioritize these activities. Therefore, these institutions can’t promote access to justice in its broad sense since their efforts are focused on their performance within legal procedures. It is noteworthy that the current interdisciplinary research has contributed to the debate regarding the panorama of access to justice in Brazil and how it has enlarged its inequalities. Furthermore, it collaborated for the discussions regarding the use of complementary means of conflict resolution. Finally, it has provided an overview of the employed methods and faced difficulties by the Brazilian Public Defenses, presenting relevant elements for the discussion surrounding the improvement of the offered services. Given the breadth of this theme, the difficulty accessing all the country’s Public Defenses’ data and the changes which these institutions go through, new studies are suggested regarding this theme, collecting further data, aiming to promote the constant debate regarding the actuation of these institutions.
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    Transporte coletivo e movimento Tarifa-Zero-BH: repertórios de ação e incidência na política local
    (2022) Carneiro, Ricardo; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; Bechtlufft, Rodolfo Pinhón; Faustino, Marcella Raphaella
    O artigo tem por objetivo analisar a trajetória, os repertórios de ação e a incidência na política municipal de transporte coletivo e mobilidade urbana do movimento Tarifa Zero de Belo Horizonte (TZ-BH), no período 2013-2019. A metodologia envolveu revisão de literatura, levantamentos documentais e entrevistas semiestruturadas. O artigo parte da abordagem de movimentos sociais, especialmente mobilizando a noção de repertórios de ação e, em seguida, discute antecedentes e contextos do ativismo em torno do tema transporte coletivo e mobilidade urbana. A análise percorre a trajetória do TZ-BH e aponta para sua atuação no âmbito institucional, por meio da participação e interações com o governo, e extrainstitucional, tematizando a questão do transporte coletivo e mobilidade urbana como direito social. Em ambos os casos, influenciou circunstancialmente a política de transporte local.