Navegando por Palavra-chave "Recursos hídricos"

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    Análise da governança do Programa Socioambiental de Proteção e Recuperação de Minas Gerais
    (Fundação João Pinheiro, 2025) Machado Júnior, Dirceu Alves; Nascimento, Luís Felipe Zilli do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5043394873182841; Riani, Juliana Lucena Ruas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9989788828773610; Riani, Juliana Lucena Ruas; Nascimento, Luis Felipe Zilli do; Carneiro, Ricardo; Assis, Marcos Arcanjo de; Lima, Sonaly Cristina Rezende Borges de
    This dissertation analyzes the governance of the Socio-environmental Program for the Protection and Recovery of Watersheds (PPM), developed in the state of Minas Gerais, encompassing information from 2017 to 2023. The theoretical framework adopted is the governance assessment model for public policies proposed by the Federal Court of Accounts of Brazil (TCU). The study is structured into six chapters. The first chapter addresses climate change and global water scarcity, highlighting the relevance of the United Nations 2030 Agenda, particularly Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) No. 6 4 Clean Water and Sanitation 4 and No. 15 4 Life on Land. Water scarcity is presented as a global challenge that requires urgent and coordinated actions. The second chapter examines public policies related to basic sanitation and water resources in Brazil and in the state of Minas Gerais, with an emphasis on the regulation of the sanitation sector. The importance of integration between these public policies is underscored as essential to ensure both the sustainability of water resources and the efficiency of basic sanitation services. The third chapter discusses public governance, emphasizing the need for its assessment within the scope of public policies and presenting the main elements indicative of effective governance. The fourth chapter details the research methodology, which is based on document analysis and interviews with institutional actors involved in the program. The fifth chapter is dedicated to analyzing the PPM. It first introduces the program, which was developed by the Minas Gerais Sanitation Company (Copasa) in partnership with the Regulatory Agency for Water Supply and Sewage Services of the State of Minas Gerais (Arsae-MG). The main objective of the PPM is the recovery and protection of microwatersheds and aquifer recharge areas used for public water supply by the concessionaire. Following this contextualization, the programs governance is analyzed based on the eight evaluative dimensions established by the TCU: Institutionalization; Plans and Objectives; Participation; Organizational Capacity and Resources; Coordination and Coherence; Monitoring and Evaluation; Risk Management and Internal Control; and Accountability. The dissertation concludes that the PPM is a well-structured public program with significant potential to contribute to the protection and recovery of water sources in the state. However, it recommends stronger articulation with other environmental policies, clearer and more objective goalsetting, the implementation of a permanent risk management system, and the strengthening of social participation as essential measures to ensure the programs long-term effectiveness and sustainability.
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    Usos consuntivos del agua en Minas Gerais: una aplicación de matrices híbridas insumo-producto (2005-2016)
    (Red Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica (REDIBEC), 2021) Franco, Marco Paulo Vianna; Souza, Carla Cristina Aguilar de; Almeida, Thiago Rafael Corrêa de
    O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a evolução dos usos consuntivos da água na economia do estado de Minas Gerais entre 2005 e 2016. Foi utilizado um modelo insumo-produto aberto de Leontief com unidades híbridas e incorporação de um setor hídrico, com base nas matrizes de insumo-produto estaduais de 2005, 2008, 2013 e 2016 e nos dados de retirada de água disponibilizados pela Agência Nacional de Águas. Os resultados mostram que houve redução dos requerimentos hídricos totais por setor e de forma agregada. Os destaques em termos de intensidade de retiradas, elos intersetoriais e/ou água virtual embutida nas exportações foram “agricultura, silvicultura e exploração florestal”, “indústria extrativa mineral”, “fabricação de alimentos”, “eletricidade, gás, água e limpeza urbana” e “metalurgia”. A agricultura, além de líder em retiradas de água em termos absolutos, apresentou os maiores impactos enquanto ofertante e demandante de produtos, os quais se tornaram maiores ao longo do período. O aumento da participação de grandes lavouras irrigadas, mais especificamente o plantio da cana-de-açúcar, foi levantado como hipótese que explicaria esses resultados e direcionaria políticas para a redução da pressão sobre os recursos hídricos estaduais.