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Item O processo de investigação de acidentes de trabalho para instauração de ações regressivas pela Advocacia-Geral da União: análise dos principais aspectos facilitadores e dificultadores(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2016-03-30) Armando, Aníbal César Resende Netto; Dufloth, Simone Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6166815079725368; Pinto, Luciana Moraes Raso Sardinha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4519213255441318; Vasconcelos, Maria Celeste Reis Lobo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3229877356519326The purpose of the study is to analyze the regressive actions related accidents in cases of granting social security benefits for workplace accidents in which the employer is to blame for the misfortune. In this context, this study was aimed to analyze the main factors that influence positively or negatively the process of investigation and analysis of accidents for the introduction of regressive actions by Attorney General of the Union, in the role of legal representative of the National Institute of Social Security. The methodology for the development of the present work involves bibliographical, documental and field research. It has information about the regressive actions, work accidents, social security, National Security Policy and Health at Work, as well as records related to workplace accidents, accident benefits, regressive actions and inspection activities, in addition to public workers’ perceptions about the analyzed issue. As a result, the positive influence factor was the preparation of the report produced by the Fiscal Auditors of Labor and as thenegative influence factor was the lack of conditions and structure of workplace supervision organs in Brazil.Item Efeitos do marco regulatório do setor portuário instituído pela Lei n° 12.815 na atração de investimentos para a construção de instalações portuárias privadas(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023) Glória, Igor Ribeiro da; Barbosa, Lúcio Otávio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0763986687709752; Barbosa, Lúcio Otávio Seixas; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; Rocha, Carlos Henrique MarquesThe port infrastructure exploration sector is a market in which the state participates, providing the structure, making direct investments or exercising the regulation of activities carried out by private agents. In Brazil, until the enactment of Law No. 12.815, of 2013, the commercial exploitation of a port facility was authorized only to be carried out within the limits of public ports. However, since then, private agents has been allowed to build ports to mainly exploit it commercially, offering port services to anyone interested in moving cargo. This ammendent in the legislation aimed to attract private investment to the sector, thus contributing to reduce the existing port infrastructure deficit in the country. The present work evaluated the private investments carried out during the period from 2013 to 2022 in private port facilities, authorized by the public sector to expand or to be built after the new regulatory framework. We retrieve data from Antaq's administrative processes authorizing ng investment in port terminals, as well as information contained in reports from the regulatory agency and data published by the National Treasury. The results indicated that the authorized port facilities that were expanded or built were located especially in places where barriers to entry were lower, such as on the banks of inland waterways or, in the case of maritime facilities, where there was already the infrastructure to waterway access managed by some agent, such as the Port Authorities of organized ports. It was also verified that the authorized companies to construct port terminals with investments in excess of R$1 billion, updated to September/2021, have had difficulties in getting these projects off the ground, which could affect the sectoral planning of such infrastructure sector.Item Protagonistas e coadjuvantes da vacinação no Brasil : lógicas e empreendedores institucionais da imunização brasileira(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2024) Teixeira, Flávia Avila; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9562452176702956; Cruz, Marcus Vinícius Gonçalves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3678172153181366; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; Carneiro, Ricardo; Domingues, Carla Magda Allan Santos; Matozinhos, Fernanda PenidoThis dissertation analyzes the configuration of institutional logics that mark the immunization process in Brazil, seeking to understand the reasons for the variation in vaccination coverage. It also identifies and analyzes the actions of the main institutional players involved in the field of vaccination, also known as institutional entrepreneurs. It uses the theoretical framework of institutional logics, from the perspective of Thornton and Ocasio (2008; 2012), in the context of institutionalism. The research adopted a qualitative, descriptive approach, through a literature review, documentary survey and semi-structured interviews with key players from various organizations in the organizational field. The findings revealed the National Immunization Program (PNI) as the main reference instrument. They showed the dynamism of institutional logics over time, which predominate to a lesser or greater degree, sometimes favoring or sometimes opposing vaccination. It was possible to identify at least eight major logics at work in this context: political; managerial; technical-operational; academic, scientific and professional; informational; industrial; supervisory and control; and individual or family. Practices and values in favor of vaccination predominated until the mid-2010s, but changed from 2015/2016 onwards, when vaccination coverage indicators began to fall. The drop in indicators is multicausal and requires a broader, multidisciplinary view of the vaccination context in order to identify bottlenecks. Currently, three logics predominate: the political logic, the managerial logic and the technical-operational logic, all of which are mutually influenced by the informational logic, which has been identified as on the rise. A misalignment was found between the managerial and technical logics of primary care and immunization. The connection and interdependence between the various logics underpins the PNI's resilience over the years, despite all its problems. The conclusion is that public managers involved in defining immunization policies, based on the institutional logics revealed by the study, should concentrate their efforts on strengthening the informational and technical-operational logics. The study contributes to broadening the debate on institutional logics and to strengthening Brazil's public immunization policy, by interpreting the logics in force in the field and guiding the actions of the players involved.Item Políticas públicas de economia solidária : uma alternativa para o desenvolvimento local(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2013) Meira, Rodrigo Nunes; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8850956320615888Social economy has grown in a significant way in recent decades in Brazil. This growth has enabled an alternative for economic and social inclusion of a significant portion of the population. Simultaneously, the debate on the social economy has gained power and reached the sphere of the state. The institutionalization of public policies for the sector represented an innovation within the Brazilian public management, to the extent that the role played by civil society was paramount. This study analyzes the institutionalization of social economy public policies in Brazil, considering the role the state can play in promoting economic and social development.Item A estabilidade do servidor público e a burocracia temporária: estudo de caso dos professores de educação básica do estado de Minas Gerais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2022) Espinola, Thaísa Ferreira Amaral Gomes; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3678172153181366; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; Oliveira, Kamila Pagel; Moura, Ana Lúcia Neves de; Oliveira, Breynner Ricardo deAfter the promulgation of the 1988 Constitution, there were changes in the concept of public service, as well as changes in the characteristics of the Brazilian public bureaucracy, such as the flexibilization of the stability of the public servant, these changes being reflections of the movement called New Public Management, defended by the Administrative Reform of 1995. However, permanent bureaucracy remained as a rule, occupying a position of effective provision, with temporary bureaucracy provided exceptionally. Since then, several other new proposals for modifying the characteristics and management of Brazilian public servants have emerged, such as the Administrative Reform of PEC no 32/2020, currently under debate in the National Congress. In general, proposals to change the characteristics of public bureaucracy focus on the institute of stability, seeking its flexibility or extinction, thus transforming a large part of the current stable public bureaucracy into temporary. The present research analyzed the influence of the public servant's stability in the policies and practices of people management, through the case study of a temporary and stable street level bureaucracy, represented by the Basic Education Teachers (PEB) of the state school system of State of Minas Gerais, from the point of view of its immediate superiors, the middle-level bureaucracy, the School Directors. The methodological procedures favored a qualitative approach, with a descriptive character, using data collection instruments from the literature review, documental research and interviews. The stability of the public servant, in general, is not perceived as a differentiating factor in the professional performance of the public servant and in determining the performance of PEB competencies, considering personal characteristics and management as determining factors in such variables. The lack of job stability was identified as harmful to the worker's mental health and as an impediment to the feeling of organizational belonging, which influences the behavior of public servants and their organizational dedication. In relation to administrative discontinuity, the high turnover of personnel generated by the lack of stability is seen as a factor that contributes to the rupture in management, compromising institutional results and preventing the improvement of people management policies and practices, and consequently, a higher quality public service. The stability of the civil servant, therefore, in general, positively influences people management practices and policies in the public sector and is still seen as attractive for joining the public service due to the economic security it provides. However, it was stressed the importance of effective management and the existence of effective instruments that make it possible to measure the performance of the server, as well as effectively apply the termination measures, in case of unsatisfactory performance, or of awards, in case of excellent performance.Item Processos de mudança : o caso do TRF de Minas Gerais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2024) Gieseke, Rodolfo Farah; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3678172153181366The objective of this dissertation is to present how the organizational change brought about by the creation of the TRF6 is being carried out, and identify which factors facilitate or hinder the organization of this new Court. Methodologically, the research uses a single case study, given the singular nature of the first Court created after the Constitution of the Federative Republic of 1988. This qualitative research used the technique of literature review for convenience, the study of historical findings and the 14 (fourteen) interviews conducted with internal and external agents of the institution (CEF, INSS, MPF and OAB), which allowed the researcher to understand the respondents' view and the categorization of the corpus according the dimensions thought by Pettigrew (context, content and process).The research shows that the need for the creation of the TRF6 dates back to the 2000s. The needs stems from the continental size of the TRF1 (the original court) and all that it entailed. The research also uncovered that, the law which created the TRF6 was passed by congress and sanctioned by the President in 2021, and was implemented on August 19th 2022, without the creation of a detailed implementation plan. The results of this dissertation also point that, in its first year, the TRF6 has already accomplished: speedy judgment of its cases, including at the appellate level; an amplified access for the second instance and its actors; a facilitation of its management in the face of its true regionalization; a reduction of cost-process in the country; and the gradual implementation of a direct organizational culture that is less hierarchical, humanized and channeled towards the efficiency of its shared structures, both in the administrative area and in the single secretariats. Finally, it was found that with autonomy, technological resources and with the continuity in the dedication and appreciation of its employees (especially in the case of women) will be able to fulfill its mission of serving as inspiration, in the future, to other courts of the Judiciary, which may follow a similar path.Item Reformas orientadas para o mercado no Brasil : uma análise sob o enfoque do institucionalismo histórico(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2014-04-29) Guimarães, Valéria de Cássia Silva; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8850956320615888This thesis accomplished a study about the Brazilian economic policies since the 1950's. The goal is to understand the trajectory of the model of economic development coordinated by the state and the liberal reforms adopted in the 1990's. The research is based in the historical institutionalism approach, undertaking an analysis which considers the role of political variables in the process of policy-making. Thus, it investigates the factors which influenced the economic policy in Brazil, including the international context, the role of the ideas and the organization of the state, including its capabilities and the coalitions which supported the government programs. In addition, it investigates the role of social forces, including the industrial business sector, the financial sector, the military and, the working class. The analysis comprised an extended period, what is explained by the premises of historical institutionalism, which consider that social processes are slow and require time to consolidate their influence. As important conclusions, the examination found that national developmentalism erosion, the pressures from the multilateral lending institutions and the prestige achieved by neo-liberalism are fundamental to explain Brazilian policy choices in the 90's. Moreover, the economic crisis of the 1980's and the democratization process resulted in a vacuum of power which was fulfilled by a neo-liberal project. Finally, the support of the business class and the reduced power of the workers also contributed significantly to the economic policy decisions.Item Os efeitos das transferências intergovernamentais das finanças públicas municipais brasileiras(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2014) Almeida, Renata Neri de; Wanderley, Cláudio Burian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8883271568242398The Brazilian Constitution of 1988 made several changes in the Brazilian fiscal federalism. The municipalities were recognized as federal entities, assuming greater responsibilities in the provision of public local services. However, the municipalities financial strengthening was based more in the increasing of the vertical constitutional transfers than by expanding its tax base. Intergovernmental transfers have assumed a significant role in the Brazilian federative relations system, making it an essential item in the revenue for most municipalities. Several studies argue that transfers tend to be spent in public local services in a much bigger way than the local private revenues. Funds received via transfers tend to be used to increase public spending rather than being passed on to citizens (through tax cuts) in order to increase the local private goods consumption. This phenomenon is known as flypaper effect. This study therefore seeks to assess the occurrence of the flypaper effect in Brazilian municipalities between 2002 and 2010, using panel data for the set of 5,507 municipalities. It is used three econometric methods, ordinary least squares (OLS); fixed effects estimation (FE) and random effects estimation (RE). This work aims to overcome some shortcomings of previous studies, seeking to identify the flypaper effect not only in the total municipalities' expenditures, but also in specific municipalities spending. The results confirm the existence of this effect in Brazilian municipal finances (this effect, however, is more evident on current spending than on capital one). It is also observed the predominance of this effect regarding tax revenue, indicating that the transfer has not been used to increase private goods consumption by the citizens through tax cuts.Item Escola, desigualdade e desempenho educacional : revisão de literatura e análise de dados do PROEB 2010(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2014) Gonçalves, Eugênio Celso; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2084604177044476; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; Ferreira Junior, Sílvio; Barros, Ângela Batista Rodrigues deThe universalisation of the secondary education, a phenomenon that can be observed in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries in the thirty years following the second world war brought a new challenge for human science: a formal education could reduce educational inequalities at its origin and thus contribute to reducing the social differences or, in counterpart, it could it be only a reproduction instrument of existing social and cultural differences? In this scenario, was developed an innovative and fertile research field that became known as the sociology of education. One of the first great pioneers of this new sociology branch; was Bourdieu, who introduced the reproduction theory by which school systems were seen as mechanisms of legitimation and perpetuation of hierarchies and social divisions. In the U.S.; Coleman concluded that school performance is primarily influenced by socioeconomic diferences among students and pointed out the significant limitations of the education system ability to promote social equality. Once the literature of recent decades challenges the findings of Coleman and his contemporaries' work and indicates that there may be a significant relationship established between the school's performance and a set of variables that are directly related to the existence of a conducive learning environment. These critics argue that the pioneering research adopted a reductionist view of the school's paper, treated sometimes as a simple input-output matrix, subject to assessments based predominantly on quantitative methods. Thus, on one hand, the reproduction theory, and on the other, the studies of Coleman and his colleagues, presents the research conducted in the last two decades to bring to center the academic debate on a fundamental question: Are the schools just a mere reproduction instrument of an ex post social reality or are there relevant intra-school factors that determine the students' performance, that goes beyond the social and cultural background that they carry and the level of their parents expectation? This study will seek to investigate the nature of these educational factors that are unique to the academic institution and to what extent they affect the students' performance, especially in countries marked by strong social and educational inequalities such as Brazil.Item Bem-estar social e gênero : o Estado entre a família e o trabalho no Brasil(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2013) Almeida, Mariana Eugenio; Ferreira, Frederico Poley Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1448397981510363; Ferreira, Frederico Poley Martins; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; Amaral, Ernesto Friedrich de LimaIn this dissertation, we take as reference the feminist critiques to the main theories about the emergence and the development of welfare States, in order to understand to what extent family, work and State are related, under a gender perspective. In a context of changes both in families and in the labor market, we note one of the great tensions of nowadays, that affects women predominantly: the conciliation between paid work and family responsibilities. Accordingly, new challenges are imposed not only to the new families, that have now two providers, but also to the welfare States, whose bases began to be questioned. Thus, in this dissertation we intend to investigate how family characteristics and the scope of public welfare provision can be related to female participation in the labor force. Enlightened by the literature studied and the international data analyzed, we turn our looks to Brazil, highlighting the development of family policies in the country and the changes that took place in the families and in the labor market. The empirical analysis was made using data from the Demographic Census 2010, which was conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. We attempted, through a descriptive analysis of the data, to show the changes that have occurred in both families and labor market in Brazil and in Minas Gerais state, in order to understand the impact that those changes may have on the public institutions of welfare. In a second moment, econometric models were estimated, aiming at an exploratory analysis of the effect of certain variables related to the family and the State, on female participation on the labor market. The results suggest that female paid work is sensible to the type of family she belongs to and, moreover, that childcare has a positive effect on female participation in labor market. In this sense, it is evident the importance of family policies that contribute to the conciliation between paid work and family responsibilities in Brazil. The absence of such policies tends to reinforce inequalities between men and women in Brazil, once it hinders female participation on labor market, especially for poor families.