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Item Sistema de cotas raciais na Universidade de Brasília : acesso ao ensino superior e ao mercado de trabalho(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2024) Sousa, Ana Carolina Arcanjo de; Santos, Renata Callaça Gadioli dosA Universidade de Brasília (UnB) foi pioneira entre as universidades federais a implantar o sistema de cotas raciais em seu processo seletivo de ingressos na graduação. Sua implementação foi aprovada em junho de 2003, por meio do Plano de Metas para Integração Social, Étnica e Racial. Transcorridos 20 anos desde sua implementação, é importante saber quais são alguns de seus efeitos. O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o sistema de cotas raciais na UnB e os efeitos desta política de ação afirmativa no acesso dos egressos ao mercado de trabalho, a partir da perspectiva deles. Para tanto, foram coletadas informações junto aos formados de 2014/1 a 2019/2 da UnB. O escopo metodológico é misto, utiliza tanto abordagens qualitativas quanto quantitativas. Foram adotadas referências bibliográficas, dados de pesquisas realizadas pela UnB e pesquisa com os egressos. A pesquisa se fundamenta em teorias e conceitos como políticas públicas, ações afirmativas e mercado de trabalho. Como resultado encontramos o aumento de egressos de estudantes negros em 2019, que atingiu 39% das matrículas, segundo o Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (Inep). A pesquisa também revelou os efeitos positivos do ingresso dos estudantes à UnB e o acesso ao mercado de trabalho.Item Bem-estar social e gênero : o Estado entre a família e o trabalho no Brasil(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2013) Almeida, Mariana Eugenio; Ferreira, Frederico Poley Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1448397981510363; Ferreira, Frederico Poley Martins; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; Amaral, Ernesto Friedrich de LimaIn this dissertation, we take as reference the feminist critiques to the main theories about the emergence and the development of welfare States, in order to understand to what extent family, work and State are related, under a gender perspective. In a context of changes both in families and in the labor market, we note one of the great tensions of nowadays, that affects women predominantly: the conciliation between paid work and family responsibilities. Accordingly, new challenges are imposed not only to the new families, that have now two providers, but also to the welfare States, whose bases began to be questioned. Thus, in this dissertation we intend to investigate how family characteristics and the scope of public welfare provision can be related to female participation in the labor force. Enlightened by the literature studied and the international data analyzed, we turn our looks to Brazil, highlighting the development of family policies in the country and the changes that took place in the families and in the labor market. The empirical analysis was made using data from the Demographic Census 2010, which was conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. We attempted, through a descriptive analysis of the data, to show the changes that have occurred in both families and labor market in Brazil and in Minas Gerais state, in order to understand the impact that those changes may have on the public institutions of welfare. In a second moment, econometric models were estimated, aiming at an exploratory analysis of the effect of certain variables related to the family and the State, on female participation on the labor market. The results suggest that female paid work is sensible to the type of family she belongs to and, moreover, that childcare has a positive effect on female participation in labor market. In this sense, it is evident the importance of family policies that contribute to the conciliation between paid work and family responsibilities in Brazil. The absence of such policies tends to reinforce inequalities between men and women in Brazil, once it hinders female participation on labor market, especially for poor families.