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Item A litigância judicial habitual do Estado de Minas Gerais em face de seus agentes públicos, por controvérsias decorrentes de remuneração: estudo do fenômeno e suas causas(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2020-03-27) Couto, Matheus Fernandes Figueiredo; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2084604177044476; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; Carneiro, Ricardo; Franco, Marcelo VeigaThe excessive judicialization of life in the current Brazilian society leads us to observe a crisis in the judiciary, in which too many demands are submitted to its scrutiny, and unsatisfactory results returned to society. This is a multicausal phenomenon, and the existence of players (litigants) habitual in the justice system, understood as individuals who obtain comparative advantages in the use of the judiciary in repetitive and serial form, one of its faces. In this context, it is observed that Brazilian public organizations are invariably the largest litigants in the national jurisdiction. In another turn, it should also be noted that national public organizations are essentially bureaucratic and, as such, subject to the typical dysfunctions of their structural model, among which stand out the aversion to change. The aversion to reform can be especially understood from the complexity of the decision-making process within bureaucratic organizations, which, on many occasions, evades rationality, presenting itself as a "garbage can". What was proposed in this paper was the observation of a specific theme with great repercussion in number of lawsuits involving the Executive Power of the State of Minas Gerais, namely; the judicial conflict between State (Executive) and its public agents for remuneration issues. Therefore, this excessive litigation was considered a problem in order to analyze whether the public behaves as a habitual litigant (or repeat player) in the face of its public agents, in the dispute for remuneration, as well as explanations (rational or not) for this behavior. Thus, the following hypothesis was tested: The State of Minas Gerais behaves like a habitual litigant (or repeat player) in the judicial conflict in front of its agents for remuneration, deliberately sending the disputes to the Judiciary, when it could revolve or prevent them by administrative means. This behavior is not only explained by the advantages that a repeat player hypothetically has in the serial judicialization of conflicts, but is influenced, in particular, by the high complexity of the decision making process in the bureaucratic organization, fact that imposes immobility due to resistance to the organizational changes necessary for the selfcomposed or preventive management of these disputes.Item Análise da rede de gestão e emprego das aeronaves públicas de Minas Gerais nos anos de 2017 a 2019(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2022-03-17) Paula Neto, Frederico Martins de; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; Carneiro, Ricardo; Rossoni, LucianoThe present work has the scope to analyze the situation of the management of public aircraft in the state of Minas Gerais, including its history, characteristics, present situation and future perspectives. Structured as a case study, which examines the composition, legal regulations and the current state of the network of public aircraft operators in Minas Gerais, the work begins with a theoretical review. The literature revision explores different paradigms of public administration and finds in contemporary theories of network management, the theoretical lens to guide its analyses. It then presents what it considers to be the three phases of the process of establishing the formal network for the operation of public aircraft. To better understand the phenomenon, it analyzes data related to the management of these aircraft through three axes: operation (or evolution of missions), budget (or evolution of planned and realized expenses) and finances (or evolution of joint contracts). These quantitative and qualitative data are complemented by interviews carried out with middle-level bureaucrats from some of the institutions involved in the process, which not only enriched the analyses, but also allow the research to form conclusions based on the personal experience of network users. In addition, the paradigm adopted in England and Wales to deal with a similar situation, called National Police Air Service - NPAS, is presented. Bringing details about its motivations, network design, governance structures and the criticisms to the project, the text compares these two models and makes proposals for possible improvements to the Minas Gerais state network. The cardinal contribution to the research field is made by producing a dialogue between theoretical assumptions and the specific case. It shows that network management has advantages, but its implementation requires overcoming challenges. At the same time, it provides readers with a better understanding of the theoretical lenses itself. As a suggestion for future work, it proposes studies on the potential impacts of replacing local bodies with state or regional networks with more reach, for the provision of specialized services. In conclusion, the text suggests that the implementation of a network for the operation of public aircraft presents greater barriers than in other sectors (or services), which is explained due to the complexity of the service provided and the view that it is strategic in the portfolio of the institutions involved.Item Atividade de auditoria interna governamental baseada em riscos: análise da institucionalização na área pública(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023-03-28) Fusco, Cláudia Costa de Araújo; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3678172153181366; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; Rocha, Heloisa Helena Nascimento; Garcia, Leice Maria; Spinelli, Mário Vinícius ClaussenIn Brazil, it has been observed the evolution of the paradigm of the role of central organs of internal control and of the governmental internal audit in the sense of contributing to the improvement of management. The Risk-Based Government Internal Audit is part of this context and plays an important role in strengthening governance, internal control systems and risk management of organs and entities so that they achieve their ultimate goals of improving the services provided to citizens. This work has as its theme the analysis of the institutionalization of the risk-based governmental internal audit activity. The general objective of this dissertation is to identify the stages of institutionalization of risk-based government internal auditing. The theoretical foundations used in this dissertation are based on the ideas of the new institutionalism. In the analysis of the phenomenon of institutionalization of the risk based governmental internal audit activity, based on the case studies, we chose the prisms of Tolbert and Zucker (1999), Peci (2016) and Scott (2014) together with DiMaggio and Powell(2005) and Machado-da-Silva, Guarido Filho and Rossoni (2006). As a background, the Brazilian normative trajectory of the Internal Control System and the governmental internal audit was rescued. Methodologically, qualitative research was selected, through case studies, analyzing the risk-based government internal audit in five central internal control organs of national relevance. Literature review, survey of legislation and secondary sources were conducted. The techniques used to collect data and evidence were: (i) documentary survey; (ii) perception of specialists obtained by participating in events related to internal control, government internal audit and risk management; and (iii) study of five cases through six semistructured interviews, which were interpreted by the content analysis method. The survey's findings reveal that risk-based governmental internal audit is inserted in the context of the new paradigm of the role of central internal control organs and governmental internal audit that aim to add value to management. From the prism of the new institutionalism, it was possible to know and identify aspects related to the institutionalization stage of risk-based government internal audit in the organs studied, from the delineation of its organizational field, as an institutional sphere of disputed interests, as well as the interaction between the forces of the field, the pressures o f actors with power and the influence of internal and external institutional capital, as well as interpreting the similarity of the structures and competences (macrofunctions) performed by the organs, identifying phenomena such as isomorphism. The processes inherent to institutionalization described by Tolbert and Zucker (1999) indicate that two organizations surveyed are in the habitualization stage, while three others are in objectification and none in sedimentation of the risk-based governmental internal audit activity. The organizational field was identified as an institutional sphere of disputed interests that influences the process of institutionalization of governmental internal auditing based on risks through power dynamics, insofar as the internal control organs inserted in the organizational field receive influences from interests of the World Bank, Conaci and CGU, dominant actors that reinforce their positions through their ability to influence the rules by which the field is structured. It was also found that the institutionalization process of risk-based governmental internal audit in the public area stems from mechanisms of coercive isomorphism, notably by the pressures coming from actors with power, from mechanisms of mimetic isomorphism, since the central organs of Subnational internal control seeks to be inspired by the CGU model, as the most legitimate and successful organ, and by mechanisms of normative isomorphism, since internal auditors are inserted in a dynamic of interaction and professionalization in the field, through training and certifications. In addition, it was found that there is the adoption of some approaches or procedures related to risk-based government internal audit in a dynamic of “myth or ceremony”. The sedimentation of the risk-based governmental internal audit activity goes beyond the normatization the inserted in the organizational field. It depends both on good governance parameters, strategic resources, reviewing processes, adapting systems, conducting training, increasing transparency, among other measures, and overcoming resistance from various stakeholders. The study collaborates with the technical and purposeful discussion related to the theme. In academic terms, the originality of the research is revealed in the discussion of a not much pursued studied topic and in the use of relevant theoretical and methodological tools, reinforcing the insertion of institutional theory as a relevant approach to the study of Public Administration. In social terms, the implementation of risk-based governmental internal auditing as an instrument of internal auditing that seeks to add value and improve the operations of organizations to achieve their objectives, reinforces the urgency of disseminating mechanisms and instruments that aim to ensure and contribute the adequate provision of public services to citizens. It is suggested that further studies continue to analyze the institutionalization of risk-based government internal audit and risk management policies in the Brazilian public administration. It is suggested also research aimed at verifying the adequacy of the model for subnational entities, in view of the different realities found in the country.Item O controle interno sob a perspectiva da gestão de riscos: mito ou cerimônia institucional?(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023-03-27) Machado, Thiago Alves; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6739881018308220; Carneiro, Ricardo; Nascimento, Luís Felipe Zilli do; Braga, Marcus Vinícius de AzevedoThe work discusses how internal control bodies in the public sector are dealing with the application of risk-based auditing (RBA). This type of audit is the order of the day for the control area's expressive bodies, such as the Federal Audit Court (TCU) and the Office of the Comptroller General (CGU), besides being an initiative encouraged by internationally recognized audit institutions. The objective of the analysis is to seek elements in order to verify whether the implementation of ABR has been done in a ceremonial way or not. To this end, the adoption of the instrument by the Office of the Comptroller General of the State of Minas Gerais (CGE/MG) is used as an analytical reference. The main theoretical lens of the study is sociological neo-institutionalism, especially the concepts of isomorphism, myth and ceremony. The research was based on bibliographic and documental surveys, in addition to the analysis of the institutional perception of ABR in the body through the formation of focus groups, consisting of technicians and managers who work in the audit area, and interviews with the head of the State Audit Department. As a result, it was observed that there is an institutionalized ABR methodology, with a set of rules, marked notably by internal influences from CGE/MG's top management and external factors such as international norms and from agencies such as CGU and TCU. However, ABR is not an activity actually performed at CGE/MG, since its institutionalization process is recent, structured as of 2018, and that the ABRs performed are still exceptions, with a low representativeness, since audits with a compliance characteristic predominate. Finally, the research demonstrated a difficulty of assimilation of ABR by audit operators from the point of view of understanding and knowledge of this type of audit, and also indicated, by the case study, that the public administration environment is not yet favorable for performing ABRs. Thus, it can be said that despite the finding, to some extent, an ABR can be institutionalized by legitimation elements with isomorphic characteristics, but in practice the ABR points to a ceremonial adoption of the instrument by the internal control system.Item Governança corporativa nas estatais: cerimônia ou algo mais?(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023-03-28) Secco, Dany Andrey; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6739881018308220; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4666930977365902; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; Carneiro, Ricardo; Cruz, Marcus Vinícius Gonçalves da; Midlej , Suylan de Almeida e SilvaThis research addresses the internalization of corporate governance in four state owned companies and in two private companies, all members of the "Public Utility/Water and Sanitation" Sector of the Brazilian Stock Exchange (B3), from the perspectives of sociological new institutionalism and organizational anthropophagy. It was sought to evaluate how the structures and rules of corporate governance are reflected in the discourse contained in the minutes of the respective Boards of Directors, considering the period from 2015 to 2022. The methodology aimed, by counting the occurrences of themes that portrayed corporate governance, associated with the perspective of content analysis of Bardin (1977), to verify the ceremony that involved the adoption of the myth of corporate governance and whether there was a manifest presence of substantive needs for the adoption of the exogenous model in the discourse of the Boards of Directors. In general, Copasa, Sanepar and Casan demonstrated that there is a new behavior, a new agenda, another circulation of information within these state-owned companies, all this provoked by the adoption of corporate governance. In other words, the minutes show that a whole new ceremony was adopted for the communication of the Boards of Directors’ activities. On the other hand, Sabesp, Ambipar and Orizon were not concerned in communicating, ceremonially, the adoption of the myth, and limited themselves to comply, formally, with the rules to which they are submitted. In view of the results found, new studies are suggested to evaluate if there are different consequences of legitimacy gain between an organization that formally assumes a myth and one that ceremonially proclaims that it has adopted it.Item Competências digitais no âmbito do Programa Belo Horizonte - Cidade Inteligente: uma análise da percepção dos agentes públicos do Centro Integrado de Operações de Belo Horizonte(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023-03-31) Baladon, Helena Braulia Falconi; Dufloth, Simone Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6166815079725368; Dufloth, Simone Cristina; Moraes, Leonardo Barbosa; Silva, Max Melquiades daThis research examines initiatives and perceptions regarding the relevance and development of digital competencies by public agents who work at the Integrated Operations Center of Belo Horizonte (COP-BH), based on the premises of the Belo Horizonte Smart City Program (BHCI). To do so, the digital competencies assigned to public agents who work at COP-BH were adapted based on the Digital Reference Dynamic Framework (QDRCD) in order to analyze their relevance to the work performance of these agents, as well as the development of these competencies, considering the context of the BHCI Program. The research methodology involved a qualitative-quantitative approach, with the use of bibliographic, documentary and field research. The field research was conducted at COP-BH and included the application of structured questionnaires to all public agents who work in the institution, as well as semi-structured interviews with managers. The questionnaires were applied to verify the relevance of the assigned digital competencies, and the interviews were conducted to investigate the managers' perceptions regarding the development of these competencies at the Integrated Center. The results of the research reveal that the digital competencies assigned to COP-BH are perceived as extremely relevant by public agents for the performance of their activities and are being addressed, albeit incipiently, in the development of public agents with the implementation of the BHCI Program. However, it was observed, from the perceptions of the managers, that initiatives for the development of digital competencies still lack systematized planning and evaluation tools in the general context of COP-BH.Item Atuação do Ministério Público frente a letalidade policial: uma análise das interpretações dos promotores de Minas Gerais ao investigarem os homicídios praticados pela polícia(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2021-03-25) Mourão, Nathalia Silva; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; Souza, Letícia Godinho de; Nascimento, Luís Felipe Zilli; Sinhoretto, JacquelineThis work aims to understand wich arguments the prosecutors based on to analyze and decide to denounce or request the filing in cases of police lethality, in addition to understanding how the actions of the Public Ministry unfold in regard of the death of a civilian by police. To this end, we opted for the use of qualitative methodology, since the information cannot be measured numerically and the focus is on understanding and explaining the dynamics of the relationships. The selected data refer to homicide cases, from the Belo Horizonte and Contagem district, in which a police officer appears as a defendant, and semi-structured interviews with prosecutors who act in the inspection and control of police activity and / or in the Jury Court. With the analysis of these data, it was possible to understand how the homicide cases in which the defendant is a military police officer are constructed, how investigations are carried out, what are the challenges and the prosecutors' performance within the process. Furthermore, it’s possible to understand the prosecutors' views and perceptions regarding concrete cases of this nature. Based on the results obtained, a dialogue was conducted with the reality of police lethality in Minas Gerais and the theoretical findings, mainly by Misse (2008; 2014); Sinhoretto (2014); Kant de Lima (2009) Sapori (1995) on the Brazilian Criminal Justice System. The work allows us to conclude that in the area of control and inspection of police activity, it is necessary for the Public Ministry to systematize and better regulate its performance in order to restrain abusive practices, for this the focus of action should be directed to investigations, especially in the first hours after the fact.Item Centro de serviços compartilhados : a experiência do Estado de Minas Gerais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023-04-20) Thomaz, Andreane Rocha; Cruz, Marcus Vinícius Gonçalves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3678172153181366The brazilian public administration, in an endless process of improvement of its management, needs to create and use management instruments capable of implement efficiency in the governemet acts. And, in a scenario of transposition from a burocratic state to a management driven state, with focus on results, the Shared Service Center - SSC became a helpful instrument of promotion, not only of cost reduction and services improvement to the good function of the public machine, also as a increase of management efficiency to the sector. Already concolidated as an important instrument of management improvement in the private sector, the SSC promotes expectations, preparations ans strategic alignments to achive results, also inthe public sector. Although it has already been adopted by some foreign governs, the nacional experiences are incipient, fact that triggers the pioneering position in the implementation desired by the state of Minas Gerais government. With the propouse of analyse the procurement model used by the government, the present qualitative survey, analyzed the facilitators and hindering in the process of definition of a contractual model by the Govern of Minas Gerais to diagnose, implement and stabilization of a SSC, through desk research and interviews. Factors as the pioneer of the object, and legal limitations imposed on Public Administration for hiring services were identified as obstacles to be faced in the process of defining the contractual model. The physical centralization of government entities in the State of Minas Gerais in the City Administrative President Tancredo Neves was identified as a factor that facilitated the process of defining the model. Similarly, the support of top management of government was implicated as a facilitator in this process, as enabled technical visits to companies and public entities that have already deployed Shared Services Centers, appointed study group for preparation of the project, and operationalized the project.Item Desafios na gestão de frota de veículos: estudo de caso do estado de Minas Gerais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2021-03-29) Spitale, Érika; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3678172153181366; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; Carneiro, Ricardo; Silva, Laura Angélica Moreira; Maia, Leonardo Caixeta CastroFleet management is an intricate activity, especially in the public sphere, as it involves governance parameters regulated by legislation. Fleet management contracts in the public area become increasingly complex due to the introduction of information technology tools and the search for outsourcing alternatives, such as hiring managers. This scenario increases the number of people involved in a contract, which allows for the emergence and aggravation of conflicts of interest between contracting parties and contractors. The post-hiring moment is still essential, especially with regard to the relationship between those involved in this relationship. This dissertation analyzes the governance structure of the vehicular maintenance model in the State of Minas Gerais from the perspective of the Agency Theory, described by Jensen and Meckling (1976). Through qualitative research of descriptive and explanatory focus, a survey was carried out documentary and interviews. These occurred with four reference professionals in fleet management in the State of Minas Gerais, in order to understand the evolution of official vehicle fleet management contracts of the Executive Branch of this state and 13 interviewees, who work in the execution of the vehicle maintenance quartering model. This collection aimed to gather information on the history of actions to improve the hiring of this management, in addition to identifying unfavorable actions performed by contractors of the vehicle maintenance quartering, such as: risks, opportunism and power, as well as the governance elements that minimize these actions, such as adopting contractual rules, controls, incentives and building trust between those involved in the contract. The research findings indicate evolutions and setbacks in contracting for fleet management in the period 2002 to 2008, the period in which decentralized contracting models were in effect. On the other hand, as of 2009, a governance structure has been built, arising from a set of rules and controls with the consolidation of a centralized contracting model. Regarding the vehicle maintenance quarterization model, it proved capable, through contractual rules, of minimizing some risks and identifying risk, opportunism and power actions. However, there are still some actions unfavorable to hiring, such as not complying with contractual deadlines or opportunism from auto repair shops. The study suggests the reinforcement of trust, through the construction of communication channels and alignment between those involved in the contract, in order to strengthen the governance elements and meet the guidelines for achieving good public governance.The dissertation contributes in theoretical terms, as there is a gap in the literature regarding the development of studies on contracting in the area of logistics in the public sector and in empirical terms it seeks to guide the conduct of managers and suppliers for the construction of contracting governance along these lines.Item Burocracia de médio escalão em contexto de crise: um estudo de caso sobre os efeitos da pandemia de Covid-19 nas políticas assistenciais de Belo Horizonte(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2022-03-22) Guimarães, Flávia Alves; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2084604177044476; Souza, Letícia Godinho de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4333929511296586; Souza, Letícia Godinho; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; Lotta, Gabriela SpangheroThis study proposes to verify if the pandemic of COVID-19 has caused changes in the necessary capabilities for the execution of the social assistance policies developed by the Secretaria Municipal de Assistência Social, Segurança Alimentar e Cidadania de Belo Horizonte (SMASAC), in 2020, and if these changes affected the performance of mid-level bureaucracy of the secretary. This is an exploratory and qualitative research study, which adopted the case study as its research strategy. The case study was operationalized in several stages: delimitation of the case-unit, theoretical review, data collection, analysis and interpretation of the findings. A literature research was conducted that privileged three theoretical dimensions: crisis management, state capacity, and mid-level bureaucracy. The year of 2019 was considered as a reference of the pre-pandemic period, and the year of 2020, for the pandemic period. To understand how SMASAC acted in both periods, a documentary research was conducted, which was based on access to legislation, technical notes, reports on the measures adopted by the municipal administration, management balance sheets, and budget statements. For the purposes of this study, the municipal policies of social assistance, food and nutritional security, and human rights were the social assistance policies evaluated. State capacity was considered as the set of capabilities required to carry out public policies and implement official objectives, privileging the administrative dimension of the concept. Considering the mid-level bureaucrats part of the arrangement of the capacity necessary to execute public policies, through semi-structured interviews and the application of a questionnaire, the perception of these actors from the intraorganizational dimension of public administration about the changes brought by the crisis was captured. By comparing the data obtained about the two periods considered in the research, it was possible to observe the effects of the public health emergency situation on the assistance policies that were being developed by SMASAC. If the objectives until 2019 were focused on the improvement of management and the expansion of priority offerings, in 2020, the guarantee of social protection and emergency food provision became the focus of management. The change in the agency's objectives had effects on the necessary capacities for the execution of public policies. As for the effects of the pandemic on the performance of the mid-level bureaucracy, based on the perceptions of the managers, it was noted that the crisis affected the work regime, the decision-making processes, the interactions with other actors, and the skills required to perform the functions of these government actors. It is expected that the considerations presented in this dissertation contribute to the production of knowledge about the effects of the pandemic of COVID-19 in public administration, especially in social assistance policies; that from the reading of this crisis context it has also been possible to uncover aspects of the performance of mid-level bureaucrats and, consequently, of the back office of municipal management in atypical situations.