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Item As transformações do setor de telecomunicação no Brasil: uma análise comparada(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2005-05-23) Salum, Fabrício de Barros; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6739881018308220; Rocha, Elisa Maria Pinto da; Ramalho Júnior, ÁlvaroThe world contemporary is characterized by one high degree of technological innovations that more appear in rhythm each sped up time. According to the theory of contingencialism, the technology is factor determinative in the conformation of an organization and its environment, what it implies, for the sector of telecommunications, a constant necessity of adaptation front to this context, having as resulted new organizational structures. Jointly to this environment, the State meets inserted at a moment of intense transformations in its form of performance, in that it refers to its proper maintenance and in the attendance to the demands of the society, resulting in a new organizational and institutional structure, happened of the Reformation call of the State. The theory of neoinstitucionalism approaches the importance of the institutions, in the direction of "rules of the game", in the definition of this new conformation. As part essential and directed to the development of the society, the sector of telecommunications meets in the bulge of this process of reforms, a time that, must be provisioned by the State, or the private sector, with the regulation being made by the first one. Therefore, the sector of telecommunications, is white of changes, as much for the technological innovations as for the occurred transformation, and in development, in the Brazilian State, thus implying, in new organizational and institutional conformations.Item Democracia digital nos estados brasileiros: uma análise da governança eletrônica a partir de elementos de participação e deliberação(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2017-03-29) Rodrigues, Izabela França; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4666930977365902; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6739881018308220; Ckagnazaroff, Ivan Beck; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6536172803067886Advances in the field of information and communication technologies (ICT) have affected society and enable reconfigurations in the forms of relations between citizens and governments, favoring new possibilities. Alongside this, in the last decades debates about democratic quality have broadened, postulating the extension of social participation, as in contemporary theoretical developments along the lines of participatory and deliberative democracy. In this context, new forms of social participation are presented either in the civil society and in the public sphere, or in the field of institutionalized participation. In the Brazilian case, the forms of institutionalized participation were expanded: new legal frameworks were set up for the democratization of the State and its relations with society, and a participatory infrastructure was created with a multiplicity of new participatory institutions with designs and purposes different. In this context, the term governance and its variations have been widely used, highlighting the notion of participatory governance, which emphasizes the possibilities of social participation and e-governance. Several potentialities have been associated with e-governance, pointing out that through ICTs the government could become more accessible to citizens, overcome democratic deficits and expand democracy by adopting participatory and deliberation practices in a virtual environment. Thus, the research aims to analyze the initiatives of digital democracy in the Brazilian states and the Federal District, through its electronic websites, and to verify what are the democratic possibilities of these initiatives. To do so, we started with the theoretical revision of the main democratic currents, ending in the deliberative and participatory currents, indicating, the instances and practices of participation in the contemporary Brazilian context. Secondly, the notions of governance, participatory governance, governance and e-governance were discussed, and models of approach and analysis in this field were examined. From this review, an analytical model was built, encompassing 22 criteria divided into 4 different interfaces: informational, interlocution, institutional and advisory and deliberative. The application of the analytical model and evaluation has identified that most of the States grant to its portal a purely informative character and there is a heterogeneous use by the state public administrations of the potential of the ICTs in offering participation and deliberation practices. The investigation of the characteristics of the mechanisms of participation and deliberation allows the systematization of different patterns of opportunities offered, as well as the evaluation of the degree of use of the ICTs available to the state public administrations.Item Inovações organizacionais na administração pública do estado de Minas Gerais: estudo de caso sobre os fatores condicionantes de um ambiente inovador(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2015-04-29) Almeida, Paulo Antônio Alves de; Rocha, Elisa Maria Pinto da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0147730252141038; Moraes, Leonardo Barbosa de; Carvalhais, Jane NoronhaInnovation as economic and social development strategy is the focus of attention of researchers since the early twentieth century, represented mainly by the writings of Schumpeter and Drucker. The organizational innovation often precedes technological innovation, both of which are interlinked and mutually supportive. The organizational innovation in the public sector enables the creation and development of programs, public plans and policies with social effectiveness and reach of people's living improvements. The overall objective is to study what are the determining factors of the innovative environment present in the public sector and characterizing organizational innovation in public institutions of the State of Minas Gerais. In particular, it is intended: to systematize ideas, concepts and approaches to factors that allow define what characterizes an innovative environment in public agencies, and to identify and analyze the perception of public officials on the degree of presence of factors that characterize an innovative environment public agencies in the State of Minas Gerais. This work ranks as a descriptive study, conducted through the case study of AGEIs (Strategic Management consultants and Innovation) of the State of Minas Gerais that constitute an institutional arrangement involved in the drafting of the strategy and monitoring of projects State innovation. The results showed that the perception of the degree of presence of the determining factors of the innovative environment in AGEIs is generally positive, particularly with regard to the presence of the factors pertaining to the legacy of existing public policies in the external environment (Social Effectiveness and Interdependence External Resources) and behavioral factors that characterize the internal environment of public organs (Autonomy, Leadership, Information Technology and Internal Relations). There was also divergence of perceptions among respondents - managers of strategic and tactical operational levels - especially regarding the degree of presence of the conditioning factors of innovation in the domestic environment (Leadership, Internal Relationship, Metrics and Information Technology). Because of the limitations of the case study methodology, the results can not be generalized to other state sectors, but offer guidance to research with larger samples. This case study of AGEIs showed that, as perceived by respondents, AGEIs have a set of conditioning factors favorable to innovative environment in the public sector.Item Sistema estadual de inovação: estrutura organizacional, constrangimentos e oportunidades institucionais no processo de desenvolvimento de Minas Gerais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2003-09-29) Campos, Maria Letícia Duarte; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6739881018308220; França, Múcio; Ramalho Júnior, ÁlvaroThis work seeks an analysis on the structure characteristics of the state innovation system, built along the last decades, emphasizing its recent evolution and performance. To accomplish the intended study, a theoretical support of organizational analysis was used, specially the contemporaneous contributions which highlights the importance of the environment as an clement able to explain the creation and transformation of the organizations, its legitimization and institutionalization. An analytical perspective is more specifically adopted which states a reciprocal influence in the interaction between organization and environment, as the neo-institutionalist branch desires. Therefore, important variables of the environment such as cultural factors, political orientations and economical development models, as well as the support basis, power and interests, concerning different historical periods are discussed in this study, so that the ST&I organizations arising process in the country is understood up to the constitution of institutional, national and "mineiro" arrangements. However, (he political and macrocconomic conditions and the historical dependence of the external technological and scientific production act in a contradictory form on the institutionalization effort of the ST&l organizations in the country. The development economical model, as of the thirties, reinforced the external dependence situation and, in spite of the investments accomplished in the erection of a ST&I structure, the subordination to dominant external interests prevented the progress of the discussion about the importance of the knowledge generation and innovation for the development and autonomy of the country. At the end of the sixties the state incorporated the idea of a S&T National System, with a explicit police of development conducted by the military regime. The system arises as a result of the historical contradictions and limitations imposed to the country, institutionally weakened, ccntralizer, bureaucratic, rational and without a support basis clearly identified.Item Ideias, atores e políticas públicas: uma análise do Sistema Estadual de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação de Minas Gerais a partir do Modelo de Coalizão de Defesa(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2018-04-26) Souza, Gustavo Costa de; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8850956320615888; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; Couto, Ester Carneiro doThe main objective of this work is to understand how ideas and beliefs have influenced the formation and performance of advocacy coalitions in the State System of Science, Technology and Innovation (ST&I) in Minas Gerais throughout the period of 2015 and 2017. For this purpose, a bibliographic review was carried out in order to discuss each meaning of the three terms ST&I and their implications in terms of public policies. Additionally, a historical analysis of ST&I policies in Brazil was conducted, seeking to demonstrate the existing singularities in the formation and performance of the main players that influence these policies. The theoretical framework was composed of the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF), proposed by Sabatier and Jenkins-Smith (1993), and of three theoretical models that represent a set of ideas and beliefs that influence the performance of actors in public policies. The three models are: linear model of innovation (GODIN, 2006); innovation systems approach (LUNDVALL et al., 2002); and the Latin American Thought in Science, Technology and Society (SÁBATO, BOTANA, 1968; HERRERA, 1995). The research design was based on primary and secondary sources. The collection of information was carried out through semistructured interviews with decision-makers of key organizations that constitute the State System of ST&I. Secondary sources were based on bibliographic research and the analysis of documents related to state ST&I public policies. As result, a political analysis of the State System of ST&I was obtained, complementary to the studies already carried out (LEMOS; CAMPOLINA, 1998; SANTOS; DINIZ, 2013; SANTOS et al., 2014) filling a gap in this literature. Based on the identification of three distinct advocacy coalitions that operate in Minas Gerais State System of ST&I, it was verified that there is no evidence that the ideas, represented by the three theoretical models, were the variable that influence the performance of the actors, as is suggested by the ACF. In addition, it was observed that the influence of the three theoretical models have been manifested themselves through other ways in the ST&I state public policies.Item Análise econômica do direito das políticas de incentivo fiscal e financeiro destinados às empresas sediadas no Porto Digital e no Parque Tecnológico de Belo Horizonte(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2016-03-30) Costa, Daniel Brant; Wanderley, Cláudio Burian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8883271568242398; Ferreira Júnior, Sílvio; Leal Filho, Raimundo de SousaThe new position of knowledge and information among the production processes, as well as the change of the university roles, state and industry require a greater interaction between these three levels, with the State acting as regulator / intervenor, creating for such an institutional normative arrangement that allows, encourages and occasionally induces approximation of academic and business spheres. Through the economic model of innovation systems developed by Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff (2000), the Triple Helix III, one can analyze the interaction between Government, University and Firms together or by the perspective of each of the actors involved. An environment where you can observe the interaction of these three spheres focused to generate virtuous cycles of innovation are technology centers, starting with the example of the pioneering Silicon Valley. In Brazil, the state action can be given as an investor, applicant services or products and primarily through tax incentives, financial policies, provision of tools and hands labor, as well as policies aimed at creating technological parks, involving the integration of entities from the Federal, State and Municipal levels. Thus, we sought to evaluate public policies for technology parks from its regulatory framework and according to the reaction to the companies located in the parks and the interaction between them and the university, the government and the parks themselves, in order to verify whether such policies are able or not to fulfill the role to which they are intended. Therefore, we studied the specific cases of Porto Digital in Recife and BHTEC in Belo Horizonte. The success of these experiments confirmed the importance of the interaction described to leverage local development of these municipalities.