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Item Análise da equidade da política nacional de medicamentos no período de 1998 a 2013(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2016-03-30) Lopes, Flávia Alice Dias; Fahel, Murilo Cássio Xavier; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8223101141977871; Ferreira Júnior, Sílvio; Salim, Celso AmorimEquitable access to medicines is a central strategy for reducing inequalities in healthcare systems, especially in developing countries that still face high levels of socioeconomic disparities such as Brazil. Considering that Brazil's 1988 Constitution defined health as a universal right and the legislation defined the goal to promote equitable access to drugs as a way to ensure a comprehensive healthcare in the public healthcare system, this study aimed to present an overview of equity in financing and access to medicines in Brazil. The literature review indicated that the vertical inequity remain relevant in medicine financing in Brazil, which is the main health expenditure among the poorest households. Moreover, it was found that out-of-pocket expenditure with medicines is strongly associated with the risk of catastrophic expenditure in Brazil. In this scenario, this study analyzed the distribution of access to prescribed drugs and drugs for chronic diseases between population groups with different socioeconomic and demographic characteristics in the period 1988-2013, based on national surveys conducted the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Under this approach, it was observed that since the implementation of the National Medicine Policy, in 1998, there was a substantial expansion of the coverage of the free supply of medicines in Brazil, which went from 27.2% in 1998 to 46% in 2008. In addition, it was found that coverage of the free supply of prescribed drugs and drugs for chronic diseases was higher among population groups considered vulnerable, such as non-white, illiterate, living in the rural areas, without private health insurance and lower per capita income, especially among people with poorer health status. This finding indicates that the National Medicine Policy has significant potential to promote horizontal equity in access to medicines, acting as a counterweight to the existing socio-economic disparities in Brazilian society, in an attempt to alleviate the cycle of inequalities in health. com amostras mais amplas. Esse estudo de caso das AGEIs demonstrou que, segundo a percepção dos respondentes, as AGEIs possuem um conjunto de fatores condicionantes favoráveis ao ambiente inovador no setor público.Item Evolução da cobertura de médicos em estratégia saúde da família na atenção primária do SUS nos municípios de Minas Gerais: uma avaliação sob a ótica da equidade no contexto do Programa Mais Médicos(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2018-03-22) Morais, João Roberto Muzzi; Ferreira Júnior, Silvio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7789533222493903; Fahel, Murilo Cássio Xavier; Pereira, Danielle Ramos de MirandaThe trajectory of public health policies demonstrates a continuous effort in opposition to health inequities, including new mechanisms that favor the attraction and fixation of medical professionals. Therefore, this dissertation had as main objective to analyze the evolution of the coverage of medical professionals in FHS, in the scope of the PHS of the SUS and of the implementation of the Program More Doctors. For this, we used descriptive and inferential statistics, as well as cartographic analysis, in an attempt to identify if there was a positive evolution of this coverage and to what extent economic, social, population and structural factors contributed to a greater or lesser increase in the quantitative of these professionals in the State of Minas Gerais. The descriptive analysis indicated an increase in the growth rate of physicians in ESF of 7.53 doctors / 100 thousand inhabitants, as well as in the median values, in absolute terms, comparing the years of 2012 and 2016, in addition to a positive evolution of the median, considering the expanded health regions. There was also a decrease in the coefficient of variation, considering the coverage of physicians in FHS. It is also worth mentioning the significant decrease in the number of municipalities with a FHP / inhabitants ratio equal to zero. From the health needs index, it was verified that the evolution of the growth rate of the enlarged health regions was more frequent in those that presented greater need. The descriptive analysis of the quality index of the BHUs suggested less heterogeneity, when compared to the INS analysis. The cartographic analysis suggested a relation, although not in its totality, between the quality of the BHUs and greater health needs. Regarding the regression analysis by population size, the results were significant for the less populous municipalities, with up to 10 thousand inhabitants. As for the regressions by extended health regions, the results reinforce the need to evaluate public policies at a more specific level. However, locations with lower rates of FHP / resident physicians appear to have been prioritized and had a more robust increase in FHP physicians' rates. Finally, the allocation of physicians, in the context of the PMM, seems to have been effective and equitable, since there was a positive evolution of the growth rate of physicians in FHT, being this evolution more robust in municipalities eligible to PMM. In addition, the study suggests a decrease in inter-municipal intra- and inter-regional inequalities of medical professionals in FHS, within the scope of PHC in MG.