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Item A redução do déficit e da desigualdade na cobertura de docentes licenciados na educação básica no Brasil: uma análise do período 2010-2015(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2018-03-20) Santos, Thatiana Marques dos; Costa, Bruno Lazarotti Diniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2084604177044476; Ferreira Junior, Silvio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7789533222493903; Bronzo, Carla; Fidalgo, Fernando Selmar RochaEducation is an indicator of human development in any country and in Brazil it is a social right provided for in the Federal Constitution of 1988 and the responsibility of the state, which should guarantee it to every citizen, so as to enable him to qualify for work and its preparation for the exercise of citizenship, aiming at its full development. In this context, this study sought to analyze the reduction of the deficit of licensed teachers of basic education, the inequality of their coverage and the role of the country's educational policy, including the Open University of Brazil (UAB) program. The general objective was to evaluate the extent to which the public policies concerning the National Education Plan in Brazil, especially the UAB Program, have been able to reduce the deficit of qualified teachers for basic education, especially with regard to its purpose of reducing interregional inequities in the coverage of licensed teachers. Thus, the research focused on analyzing whether, during the period analyzed from 2010 to 2015, the evolution in basic education teacher training grew in the regions and priority microregions in the country, regions with low Gross Domestic Product, low Human Development Index (HDI) and low teacher training. The methodological proposal was through a bibliographical and documentary research with a quantitative approach through the use of statistical instruments for interpretation and analysis of the data found. In this way, the evolution of the number and percentage of teachers working in basic education who have a bachelor's degree course, the evolution of enrollment in undergraduate courses (in face-to-face and distance modalities) in public and private institutions and the evolution of teachers in the most deprived areas of the country, trying to detect the possible differences of evolution between the regions of the country. The results show that Brazil was able to reduce the deficit of licensed teachers in basic education, since there was an increase in the number of teachers with a degree, despite the small reduction in the number of enrollments in higher education caused by the decrease in enrollments in private institutions. The North and Northeast regions presented the best result of the country in terms of the increase in the number of teachers with higher education, as well as the increase of their coverage in relation to the referenced population. This means that the evolution in the training of basic education teachers is concentrated in the priority regions for the country and its educational policy, that is, regions with low HDI and low GDP and low teacher training. And the main means used for this expansion in the public sector was preferentially through the modality of face-to-face education, while in the private sector it was primarily through the distance modality.Item Planejamento financeiro-orçamentário no estado de Minas Gerais: uma análise antes e depois do choque de gestão(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2011) Vilaça, Edmar Marcos de Souza; Fahel, Murilo Cássio Xavier; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8223101141977871; Wanderley, Cláudio Burian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8883271568242398; Torres, Carlos Eduardo da Gama; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4036708418054112Esta pesquisa analisa os principais fatos históricos do planejamento governamental no país e destaca os fatores que favoreceram a prática dessa ferramenta de gestão para administração pública brasileira. Apresenta também os principais planos econômicos nacionais, que foram os ensaios das primeiras tentativas para implementação de um planejamento global para o desenvolvimento econômico e social do país. Isso ocorre apenas após a determinação, pela Constituição Federal de 1988, de um sistema de planejamento para a administração pública em seus três níveis de governo, que junto da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal de 2000 completou o marco regulatório do planejamento governamental no país. No segundo momento, a pesquisa apresenta o planejamento governamental, especificamente o financeiro-orçamentário no estado de Minas Gerais. O objetivo, neste caso, é verificar o planejamento das ações da administração pública estadual se comportou de forma eficiente e eficaz, tendo como referência temporal o período de dois governos estaduais anteriores e posteriores ao programa Choque de Gestão, iniciado em 2003. Dessa forma, este estudo evidencia os principais fatores que estimularam a eficiência e eficácia do planejamento financeiro-orçamentário no estado, com o objetivo de contribuir na consolidação das bases do desenvolvimento econômico e social deste estado e atenção aos anseios da população, que é a principal receptora dos serviços e políticas públicas produzidas pelo estado. De maneira geral, apresentada-se as principais contribuições que estimularam a prática do planejamento governamental nos dois períodos estudados, bem como alguns resultados alcançados por essas fases de planejamento. Ainda demonstra-se que apesar do planejamento governamental ser uma ferramenta importante para a administração pública, o modo como as ações e decisões públicas são tratadas pode representar ganho adicional ao sucesso ou fracasso de uma dada ação ou política pública.Item Democracia e participação: uma análise da implementação do orçamento participativo do município de Contagem(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2007) Carmo, Érica do; Menicucci, Telma Maria Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8388652849956928; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4735034Y6; Somarriba, Maria das Mercês Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3149829192330097A disseminação de instrumentos de gestão para as políticas públicas, como os Orçamentos participativos, em diferentes cidades do Brasil, enseja uma investigação sobre seu potencial democratizante, na perspectiva de melhorar o desempenho institucional do governo e de se garantir a participação popular na formulação e controle das políticas públicas. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem como questão central os impactos da implantação do Orçamento Participativo (OP) na governança do município de Contagem, objetivando investigar seu potencial efeito no planejamento e na relação da Prefeitura com o legislativo e com a comunidade. A pesquisa utiliza-se da analise do desenho institucional do OP Contagem e das indicações conseguidas com as entrevistas com diferentes atores políticos da cidade, que de alguma forma participaram ou acompanharam o processo de implantação do OP, no ano de 2005. Tem-se como principais pressupostos que formas de articulação entre democracia representativa e democracia participativa são mais promissoras na defesa de interesses múltiplos, por vezes excluídos da arena política e que a eficiência de experiências participativas, como o OP, esta diretamente ligada a disposição dos governantes em compartilharem espaços de poder, mesmo em estruturas administrativas marcadas por baixos níveis de transparência e accountability. Mesmo não apresentando grandes novidades em relação a outros OP s, como o e Belo Horizonte, a contribuição do OP Contagem como uma forma alternativa de reivindicação, de mobilização e de aproximação da população da esfera pública já é um grande avanço para a democratização da gestão no município de Contagem.Item Assembleia Legislativa de Minas Gerais e a sua relação com os parlamentos municipais: análise do Centro de Apoio às Câmaras(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2019-04-26) Lima, Taíse Leal; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2084604177044476; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; Silveira, Mauro César da; Ribeiro, Guilherme WagnerThe present study aims to understand the relationship between the Legislative Assembly of Minas Gerais - ALMG - and the municipal parliaments, through the Center of Support to the Chambers - Ceac -. In order to do this, it analyzes the creation, institutionalization and performance of Ceac, in view of the institutional development of the Minas Gerais Assembly and changes in federal relations after the Federal Constitution of 1988. The work carried out qualitative research, exploratory approach with bibliographical research, documentary and case study. It is also pointed out that the case study was guided by official ALMG data and by faceto-face interviews conducted with servers directly linked to Ceac. Ceac is understood as an institutional innovation that stems from the process of institutional change undertaken by the Minas Gerais Assembly, which later led Casa to influence the environment of other organizations. In addition, it is pointed out that the institutionalization of the organ was guided by its technical vocation, aiming to facilitate the relationship of the Mine Assembly with the municipal Councils of the State. Finally, the study made it possible to conclude, in general terms, that Ceac, through its repertoire of action, seeks to contribute to the improvement of municipal legislative activities and constitutes an interface for the input of information from local parliaments. In this way, the Center for the Support of Chambers integrates the overall strategy of the Assembly of Mines in trying to bring the institution closer to the municipal Legislative Houses.Item Parceirização entre estado e terceiro setor: uma análise institucional do modelo de Parcerias com Organizações da Sociedade Civil de Interesse Público (OSCIPs) em Minas Gerais e da execução da Política de Prevenção Social à Criminalidade via Termo de Parceria(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2017-03-27) Oliveira, Letícia Cancela; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9562452176702956; Carneiro, Ricardo; Faria, Carlos Aurélio Pimenta deThis dissertation analyzes the institutional change process of the Partnership Term model in Minas Gerais and its implications for the implementation of a concrete public policy, in this case, the Policy to Social Crime Prevention, implemented through partnership with Civil Society Organizations of Public Interest (OSCIPs) over 11 years. Based on a bibliographical review of the management reform of public administration, which provided the legal and institutional basis for new forms of partnership between State and Third Sector, and the institutionalist approach to the study of public policies, the present work sought to understand the context of the changes in the Partnership Term model and its consequences for the Policy to Social Crime Prevention. Gradual changes in the model over time have shown that institutional changes may also be the result of adaptation of broader modifications in the environment of which they are part. The influence of the various actors and institutional contexts in the direction of the Partnership Term model will also be detailed in this paper. In addition, it was verified that several of the theoretical assumptions of Third Sector partnership - such as expertise, efficiency, focus on results and flexibility - did not materialize in practice. The course taken by the model was of bureaucratic stiffening, with the creation of rules in excess and increased control of means. This way, OSCIP's partnership, in the case of the Policy to Social Crime Prevention, was entrenched behind the rules to make the model's stability possible and, over time, this proved to be counterproductive to the implementation of this policy, which demanded greater flexibilities. On the other hand, the direction that the Partnership Term model took and the adequacy of the OSCIP to the rules, although not ideal for the Policy to Social Crime Prevention, provided important bureaucratic stability, which allowed the Coordination of Crime Prevention (CPEC) focused on the institutional development of public policy. In this context, the State came to the conclusion that the bureaucratic and administrative stability of OSCIP is more important than the substantive contribution that civil society could make to public policy. This is contrary to the theoretical formulation of partnership with the Third Sector, but has proved appropriate for the development and institutionalization of a complex and innovative policy, as in the case of the Policy to Social Crime Prevention.Item Movimentos de mulheres do campo e políticas públicas: uma análise do papel dos movimentos sociais em relação às iniciativas voltadas ao enfrentamento da violência contra as mulheres em Minas Gerais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2017-03-31) Campos, Mariana de Lima; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; Almeida, Marlise Miriam de Matos; Carneiro, RicardoThe recognition of rural women as collective subjects and the construction of public policies focused on their specific agendas are based on her mobilizations and collective actions carried out historically in all regions of the country, at different organizational scales. This work develops a discussion and analysis of the performance of women's movements, trying to understand how they relate in the formulation of policies aimed violence against women in the field and its relationship with the development of these initiatives at the subnational level. It is an exploratory research with approach and qualitative techniques. As methodological resources, in addition to the literature review and documentary surveys were conducted interviews with members of women's movements in the field and with representatives of the government. The work is structured in five chapters. Does a review of chains and theoretical developments that turn to social movements, their repertoires of action and interaction with state, emphasizing the possibilities of movements relate to the scope of public policies. Then, in chapter 2, discusses the scenario in which women in their diversity, began to organize themselves with a view to highlighting their living conditions and register their demands on the public agenda through political activism, but also in interaction with the State, on a paved path by the actions of the feminist movements. In Chapter 3 we present the existing policies to fight violence against women built with a view of the incidence of women's movements and feminist, evidencing the initiatives regarding the reality of women in the field. Our empirical focus turns to the state of Minas Gerais and in order to do so, in chapter 4, we discuss the process of articulation of different movements that represent women in the state, revealing their forms of mobilization, collective action and for dialog with the government. Finally, are analyzed in chapter 5, how are being conducted existing initiatives to deal with violence against women in Minas Gerais and the relationship of social movements in these actions and follow-up processes. We emphasize the effects and the potential of actions resulting from the processes of mobilisation, organization and participation of movements for the design of policies analyzed, revealing a history of advances in recent years in spite of the obstacles so that the phenomenon of violence has visibility and can be combated in rural areas.Item Barreiras de comunicação da informação na execução de projetos de sistema: o caso da Empresa Pública de Tecnologia da Informação de Minas Gerais - PRODEMGE(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2008-08-26) Boson, Branca Lopes; Rocha, Elisa Maria Pinto da; Dufloth, Simone Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6166815079725368; Vasconcelos, Maria Celeste Reis Lobo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3229877356519326Item A distribuição de subvenções sociais e o clientelismo na Assembléia Legislativa do Estado de Minas Gerais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2006-11-09) Dias, Wladimir Rodrigues; Somarriba, Maria das Mercês Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3149829192330097; Carneiro, Ricardo; Dulci, Otávio SoaresThis paper deals with the incidence of clientelism in the Brazilian legislative system, by means of a case study on the social subsidies distributed by representatives working in the Minas Gerais State House of Representatives in the 90s. At that time, each state representative had at their disposal a certain amount of resources to apportion, following his own criteria and directing it to whomever they discerned, provided some legal limits were observed. In the study, theories on the clientelism issue were utilized and assumed in me condition of a cultural element that permeates social and political relations in Brazil. Also used by this study were the analytical background emanated by the new institutional theoretical vein that made itself present through public choice theories, notably in its contribution to legislative studies of a distributivist matrix, and the historical new mstitutionalism, from which the concept of path dependency was adopted, as well as other correlated theories. The theory of games was also utilized for the construction of a simple model depicting the influence that the apportioning of social subsidies had on the logic of legislature practices. The analysis of data concerning the distribution of subsidies, legislative production and electoral performance has allowed for the establishment of important conclusions about the role occupied by the distribution of patronage benefits, such as the legislature subsidies, in the political-legislative arena. Throughout that period, representatives presented a reduced number of legislative propositions aimed at common interests, whilst Governors tabulated elevated and stable figures regarding legislative performance. Once subsidies were extinct, it was noted that representatives started to legislate more often on subjects with social reach or of collective interest, that the Executive Branch bad difficulties performing in its legislative "fury", and that the lack of subsidies from the State House of Representatives, or of any analogous patronage means, represented a clear obstacle for the electoral performance of candidates. However, it was found that, even though it was interrupted in 1999, patronage found its ways back onto the political scene in 2003, by means of the creation of a new instrument, similar to its antecessor. The legacy left by the so-called rapture mat the House of Representatives underwent was me growth of the amount of legislative initiatives regarding matters of general interest.Item Eficiência administrativa nas contratações públicas: a experiência do Observatório da Despesa Pública da Controladoria-Geral da União(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2015-03-27) Amaral, Marcio Almeida do; Pinto, Luciana Moraes Raso Sardinha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4519213255441318; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3678172153181366; Haikal, Daniela Mello Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0209141475152418The theme regarding administrative efficiency is relevant due the impact that public procurement has over the government spending vis-à-vis the limited amount of budget and the public needs as to maintain the government machine running, implement public policies and provide services to citizens. Achieve efficiency is simultaneously a duty and a challenge for the government, given the difficulties and constraints imposed by the external and internal environment. Considering this scenario, a qualitative research was carried out through a case study on the experience of the Public Spending Observatory of the Comptroller General of Brazil (CGU), in order to analyze its contribution to the efficiency in public procurement within the federal government. The theoretical framework included the theories of bureaucracy, due to the prevalence of the Weberian bureaucratic model in organizational structure and functioning of public administration, with its focus on procedural efficiency, and the ideas and proposals of managerial movements, in special the NPM, with its focus on results-based efficiency. In terms of methodology, in addition to literature review, the research involved the analysis of primary and secondary data, non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews with actors occupying strategic positions in the CGU. The final results of the research lead to the conclusion that the Public Spending Observatory can indeed contribute to the improvement of efficiency in public procurement, although it is done in a subsidiary basis. Besides that, the functioning of Public Spending Observatory is restricted by the external limits expressed by the political, regulatory and institutional constraints of environment in which it operates, and internal, arising from the apparent under-utilization of its potential due to the organizational context of the CGU. As a suggestion for future research, it would be important to conduct studies on the internal culture of the CGU and its effect on the functioning of the organization as a whole and find the impact of Public Spending Observatory on the federal agencies, trying to identify positive aspects, weaknesses and points for improvement.Item A aplicação das tecnologias da informação e da comunicação TICs, na gestão pública: um estudo sobre o governo eletrônico por meio dos sítios (websites) oficiais dos Estados do Brasil(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2008-08-27) Magalhães, Darcilene Maria Barbosa; Ckagnazaroff, Ivan Beck; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6536172803067886; Oleto, Ronaldo Ronan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6010045309331881; Füchter, Simone Keller; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2125238602476950