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Item Integridade, compliance e anticorrupção: as empresas estatais e o estado da arte(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2020-03-31) Caldeira, Marcos Guilherme Nunes; Dufloth, Simone Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6166815079725368; Dufloth, Simone Cristina; Wanderley, Cláudio Burian; Magalhães, Tiago FantiniIn a moment of reconstruction of the institutional place of state companies, tainted by the recent fraud and corruption scandals, the promotion of integrity and compliance has been highlighted in the State's solutions agenda. Issued in this context, the State-owned Companies Law brings to live a complex corporate governance arrangement, introducing a true system of integrity, compliance and anti-corruption. In this sense, and with the broader purpose of contributing to the improvement of the Brazilian integrity institutional environment, this study aimed to analyze the system of integrity, compliance and anti-corruption introduced by the Law of Stateowned Companies in the light of the international best practices, taking as a reference the guidelines established by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). As a result, it was observed that the Law of State-owned Companies presents a considerable degree of convergence in view of the evaluated good practices, having introduced in the Brazilian legal system a normative arrangement of integrity, compliance and anticorruption, which moves towards what could be consider the 'state of the art'. On the other hand, despite substantially adhering to the transnational recommendations, the law still presents gaps and omissions in at least three perspectives: integrated risk management; internal controls, ethics and compliance; and autonomy of state-owned companies and their decision-making bodies. The results of the research point to a propositional agenda for future studies, with a focus on investigating the alternatives for improving the Law of State-owned Companies and the Brazilian institutional environment, based on the gaps and flaws identified. On the other hand, it also points to an agenda of applied studies, devoted to investigating and understanding the challenges of the law implementation and its concrete results in the universe of state-owned companiesItem A redução do déficit e da desigualdade na cobertura de docentes licenciados na educação básica no Brasil: uma análise do período 2010-2015(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2018-03-20) Santos, Thatiana Marques dos; Costa, Bruno Lazarotti Diniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2084604177044476; Ferreira Junior, Silvio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7789533222493903; Bronzo, Carla; Fidalgo, Fernando Selmar RochaEducation is an indicator of human development in any country and in Brazil it is a social right provided for in the Federal Constitution of 1988 and the responsibility of the state, which should guarantee it to every citizen, so as to enable him to qualify for work and its preparation for the exercise of citizenship, aiming at its full development. In this context, this study sought to analyze the reduction of the deficit of licensed teachers of basic education, the inequality of their coverage and the role of the country's educational policy, including the Open University of Brazil (UAB) program. The general objective was to evaluate the extent to which the public policies concerning the National Education Plan in Brazil, especially the UAB Program, have been able to reduce the deficit of qualified teachers for basic education, especially with regard to its purpose of reducing interregional inequities in the coverage of licensed teachers. Thus, the research focused on analyzing whether, during the period analyzed from 2010 to 2015, the evolution in basic education teacher training grew in the regions and priority microregions in the country, regions with low Gross Domestic Product, low Human Development Index (HDI) and low teacher training. The methodological proposal was through a bibliographical and documentary research with a quantitative approach through the use of statistical instruments for interpretation and analysis of the data found. In this way, the evolution of the number and percentage of teachers working in basic education who have a bachelor's degree course, the evolution of enrollment in undergraduate courses (in face-to-face and distance modalities) in public and private institutions and the evolution of teachers in the most deprived areas of the country, trying to detect the possible differences of evolution between the regions of the country. The results show that Brazil was able to reduce the deficit of licensed teachers in basic education, since there was an increase in the number of teachers with a degree, despite the small reduction in the number of enrollments in higher education caused by the decrease in enrollments in private institutions. The North and Northeast regions presented the best result of the country in terms of the increase in the number of teachers with higher education, as well as the increase of their coverage in relation to the referenced population. This means that the evolution in the training of basic education teachers is concentrated in the priority regions for the country and its educational policy, that is, regions with low HDI and low GDP and low teacher training. And the main means used for this expansion in the public sector was preferentially through the modality of face-to-face education, while in the private sector it was primarily through the distance modality.Item Planejamento financeiro-orçamentário no estado de Minas Gerais: uma análise antes e depois do choque de gestão(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2011) Vilaça, Edmar Marcos de Souza; Fahel, Murilo Cássio Xavier; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8223101141977871; Wanderley, Cláudio Burian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8883271568242398; Torres, Carlos Eduardo da Gama; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4036708418054112Esta pesquisa analisa os principais fatos históricos do planejamento governamental no país e destaca os fatores que favoreceram a prática dessa ferramenta de gestão para administração pública brasileira. Apresenta também os principais planos econômicos nacionais, que foram os ensaios das primeiras tentativas para implementação de um planejamento global para o desenvolvimento econômico e social do país. Isso ocorre apenas após a determinação, pela Constituição Federal de 1988, de um sistema de planejamento para a administração pública em seus três níveis de governo, que junto da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal de 2000 completou o marco regulatório do planejamento governamental no país. No segundo momento, a pesquisa apresenta o planejamento governamental, especificamente o financeiro-orçamentário no estado de Minas Gerais. O objetivo, neste caso, é verificar o planejamento das ações da administração pública estadual se comportou de forma eficiente e eficaz, tendo como referência temporal o período de dois governos estaduais anteriores e posteriores ao programa Choque de Gestão, iniciado em 2003. Dessa forma, este estudo evidencia os principais fatores que estimularam a eficiência e eficácia do planejamento financeiro-orçamentário no estado, com o objetivo de contribuir na consolidação das bases do desenvolvimento econômico e social deste estado e atenção aos anseios da população, que é a principal receptora dos serviços e políticas públicas produzidas pelo estado. De maneira geral, apresentada-se as principais contribuições que estimularam a prática do planejamento governamental nos dois períodos estudados, bem como alguns resultados alcançados por essas fases de planejamento. Ainda demonstra-se que apesar do planejamento governamental ser uma ferramenta importante para a administração pública, o modo como as ações e decisões públicas são tratadas pode representar ganho adicional ao sucesso ou fracasso de uma dada ação ou política pública.Item A adoção da Agenda 2030 e de seus Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) no planejamento das políticas públicas em Belo Horizonte/MG(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2024) Andrade, Gustavo de; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4666930977365902; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; Carneiro, Ricardo; Andion, Maria Carolina MartinezThe theme of this paper is the adoption of the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in municipal public policy planning. The literature review starts with the evolution of the concept of development over time, highlighting its initial association with economic growth and subsequent expansion to include environmental and social concerns, becoming associated with the idea of sustainability. Issues relating to the dilemmas of public planning and the experience of observatories, seen as a source of data and information, were also discussed. The research carried out was justified by the universal nature of the SDGs, since the 17 goals defined were the result of a wide-ranging discussion in a highly qualified arena, with several member states of the United Nations. In light of the recent topic and bearing in mind that the 2030 agenda is halfway through its implementation, there has been a lack of research and publications examining a concrete experience of using the SDGs aligned with a municipality's planning instruments. The work carried out aims to fill this gap, while at the same time providing a benchmark for other entities that may wish to use the SDGs as a guide for strategic programs and actions. The experience of Belo Horizonte City Hall in the field of planning, together with its history of monitoring through a local observatory, provided the data and information that made this work possible. The methodological procedure was qualitative research, using a selected case study. The techniques used were a document survey, direct observation and 8 semistructured interviews. A content analysis was carried out in order to structure the discussion around dimensions of analysis and categories. The main findings of the research reveal the existence of a unique, long-standing experience, recognized internally and externally, especially from the point of view of producing and making available data and information and establishing a collaborative network. From a formal commitment to UN-Habitat, it was possible to see that the SDG agenda was institutionalized in the municipality's planning, generating positive repercussions. The points to be improved in the experience lie in broadening social participation and more systematized appropriation of the information generated for the core of municipal public policies. It is recommended that studies be carried out on the effective measurement of the performance of one or more SDGs in a given entity, as a way of verifying progress, achievements and stagnation.Item Democracia e participação: uma análise da implementação do orçamento participativo do município de Contagem(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2007) Carmo, Érica do; Menicucci, Telma Maria Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8388652849956928; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4735034Y6; Somarriba, Maria das Mercês Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3149829192330097A disseminação de instrumentos de gestão para as políticas públicas, como os Orçamentos participativos, em diferentes cidades do Brasil, enseja uma investigação sobre seu potencial democratizante, na perspectiva de melhorar o desempenho institucional do governo e de se garantir a participação popular na formulação e controle das políticas públicas. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem como questão central os impactos da implantação do Orçamento Participativo (OP) na governança do município de Contagem, objetivando investigar seu potencial efeito no planejamento e na relação da Prefeitura com o legislativo e com a comunidade. A pesquisa utiliza-se da analise do desenho institucional do OP Contagem e das indicações conseguidas com as entrevistas com diferentes atores políticos da cidade, que de alguma forma participaram ou acompanharam o processo de implantação do OP, no ano de 2005. Tem-se como principais pressupostos que formas de articulação entre democracia representativa e democracia participativa são mais promissoras na defesa de interesses múltiplos, por vezes excluídos da arena política e que a eficiência de experiências participativas, como o OP, esta diretamente ligada a disposição dos governantes em compartilharem espaços de poder, mesmo em estruturas administrativas marcadas por baixos níveis de transparência e accountability. Mesmo não apresentando grandes novidades em relação a outros OP s, como o e Belo Horizonte, a contribuição do OP Contagem como uma forma alternativa de reivindicação, de mobilização e de aproximação da população da esfera pública já é um grande avanço para a democratização da gestão no município de Contagem.Item O controle interno de pequenos municípios, na perspectiva de seus responsáveis, e sua relação com o Tribunal de Contas(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2022) Bonfante, Giovanna; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9562452176702956; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; Carneiro, Ricardo; Souza, Letícia Godinho de; Ferreira, Diogo RibeiroThis research sought to ‘give voice’ to counties internal controllers with less than 10,000 (ten thousand) inhabitants, to know, in depth, the realities and state capabilities of these federative entities and, to verify how, in fact, these entities works and to understand, from the perspective of its responsibles, how the role of the Court of Auditors and its requirements for counties internal controls are perceived. On the other hand, it tried to see the understanding of Court of Accounts actions by the counties representative’s point of view. Finally, it investigated the possibility of partnerships between internal and external controls. To unveil all these questions, internal controls of small counties and Court of Auditors of Minas Gerais State were taken as the object of this research. Furthermore, a qualitative approach was used, having formulated and tested 6 (six) research hypotheses, supported by theories of state capabilities, neoinstitutionalism, and interorganizational networks. The research findings revealed that entities studied do not have sufficient state capacity to meet the requested requirements; that these lacks capabilities are disregarded by the current legal system, by influential organizations in the field and by the Court of Accounts; that the dependency of Court of Auditors' trajectory was confirm, where despite of being focused on pedagogical actions regarding internal control, the Court did not kept distance from its supervisory role; that was also possible to verify the requirements of reciprocity, trust, and coherence, found in the theory of interorganizational networks, may indeed be present in eventual partnerships between external and internal controls.Item Assembleia Legislativa de Minas Gerais e a sua relação com os parlamentos municipais: análise do Centro de Apoio às Câmaras(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2019-04-26) Lima, Taíse Leal; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2084604177044476; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; Silveira, Mauro César da; Ribeiro, Guilherme WagnerThe present study aims to understand the relationship between the Legislative Assembly of Minas Gerais - ALMG - and the municipal parliaments, through the Center of Support to the Chambers - Ceac -. In order to do this, it analyzes the creation, institutionalization and performance of Ceac, in view of the institutional development of the Minas Gerais Assembly and changes in federal relations after the Federal Constitution of 1988. The work carried out qualitative research, exploratory approach with bibliographical research, documentary and case study. It is also pointed out that the case study was guided by official ALMG data and by faceto-face interviews conducted with servers directly linked to Ceac. Ceac is understood as an institutional innovation that stems from the process of institutional change undertaken by the Minas Gerais Assembly, which later led Casa to influence the environment of other organizations. In addition, it is pointed out that the institutionalization of the organ was guided by its technical vocation, aiming to facilitate the relationship of the Mine Assembly with the municipal Councils of the State. Finally, the study made it possible to conclude, in general terms, that Ceac, through its repertoire of action, seeks to contribute to the improvement of municipal legislative activities and constitutes an interface for the input of information from local parliaments. In this way, the Center for the Support of Chambers integrates the overall strategy of the Assembly of Mines in trying to bring the institution closer to the municipal Legislative Houses.Item A litigância judicial habitual do Estado de Minas Gerais em face de seus agentes públicos, por controvérsias decorrentes de remuneração: estudo do fenômeno e suas causas(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2020-03-27) Couto, Matheus Fernandes Figueiredo; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2084604177044476; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; Carneiro, Ricardo; Franco, Marcelo VeigaThe excessive judicialization of life in the current Brazilian society leads us to observe a crisis in the judiciary, in which too many demands are submitted to its scrutiny, and unsatisfactory results returned to society. This is a multicausal phenomenon, and the existence of players (litigants) habitual in the justice system, understood as individuals who obtain comparative advantages in the use of the judiciary in repetitive and serial form, one of its faces. In this context, it is observed that Brazilian public organizations are invariably the largest litigants in the national jurisdiction. In another turn, it should also be noted that national public organizations are essentially bureaucratic and, as such, subject to the typical dysfunctions of their structural model, among which stand out the aversion to change. The aversion to reform can be especially understood from the complexity of the decision-making process within bureaucratic organizations, which, on many occasions, evades rationality, presenting itself as a "garbage can". What was proposed in this paper was the observation of a specific theme with great repercussion in number of lawsuits involving the Executive Power of the State of Minas Gerais, namely; the judicial conflict between State (Executive) and its public agents for remuneration issues. Therefore, this excessive litigation was considered a problem in order to analyze whether the public behaves as a habitual litigant (or repeat player) in the face of its public agents, in the dispute for remuneration, as well as explanations (rational or not) for this behavior. Thus, the following hypothesis was tested: The State of Minas Gerais behaves like a habitual litigant (or repeat player) in the judicial conflict in front of its agents for remuneration, deliberately sending the disputes to the Judiciary, when it could revolve or prevent them by administrative means. This behavior is not only explained by the advantages that a repeat player hypothetically has in the serial judicialization of conflicts, but is influenced, in particular, by the high complexity of the decision making process in the bureaucratic organization, fact that imposes immobility due to resistance to the organizational changes necessary for the selfcomposed or preventive management of these disputes.Item Parceirização entre estado e terceiro setor: uma análise institucional do modelo de Parcerias com Organizações da Sociedade Civil de Interesse Público (OSCIPs) em Minas Gerais e da execução da Política de Prevenção Social à Criminalidade via Termo de Parceria(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2017-03-27) Oliveira, Letícia Cancela; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9562452176702956; Carneiro, Ricardo; Faria, Carlos Aurélio Pimenta deThis dissertation analyzes the institutional change process of the Partnership Term model in Minas Gerais and its implications for the implementation of a concrete public policy, in this case, the Policy to Social Crime Prevention, implemented through partnership with Civil Society Organizations of Public Interest (OSCIPs) over 11 years. Based on a bibliographical review of the management reform of public administration, which provided the legal and institutional basis for new forms of partnership between State and Third Sector, and the institutionalist approach to the study of public policies, the present work sought to understand the context of the changes in the Partnership Term model and its consequences for the Policy to Social Crime Prevention. Gradual changes in the model over time have shown that institutional changes may also be the result of adaptation of broader modifications in the environment of which they are part. The influence of the various actors and institutional contexts in the direction of the Partnership Term model will also be detailed in this paper. In addition, it was verified that several of the theoretical assumptions of Third Sector partnership - such as expertise, efficiency, focus on results and flexibility - did not materialize in practice. The course taken by the model was of bureaucratic stiffening, with the creation of rules in excess and increased control of means. This way, OSCIP's partnership, in the case of the Policy to Social Crime Prevention, was entrenched behind the rules to make the model's stability possible and, over time, this proved to be counterproductive to the implementation of this policy, which demanded greater flexibilities. On the other hand, the direction that the Partnership Term model took and the adequacy of the OSCIP to the rules, although not ideal for the Policy to Social Crime Prevention, provided important bureaucratic stability, which allowed the Coordination of Crime Prevention (CPEC) focused on the institutional development of public policy. In this context, the State came to the conclusion that the bureaucratic and administrative stability of OSCIP is more important than the substantive contribution that civil society could make to public policy. This is contrary to the theoretical formulation of partnership with the Third Sector, but has proved appropriate for the development and institutionalization of a complex and innovative policy, as in the case of the Policy to Social Crime Prevention.Item Movimentos de mulheres do campo e políticas públicas: uma análise do papel dos movimentos sociais em relação às iniciativas voltadas ao enfrentamento da violência contra as mulheres em Minas Gerais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2017-03-31) Campos, Mariana de Lima; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; Almeida, Marlise Miriam de Matos; Carneiro, RicardoThe recognition of rural women as collective subjects and the construction of public policies focused on their specific agendas are based on her mobilizations and collective actions carried out historically in all regions of the country, at different organizational scales. This work develops a discussion and analysis of the performance of women's movements, trying to understand how they relate in the formulation of policies aimed violence against women in the field and its relationship with the development of these initiatives at the subnational level. It is an exploratory research with approach and qualitative techniques. As methodological resources, in addition to the literature review and documentary surveys were conducted interviews with members of women's movements in the field and with representatives of the government. The work is structured in five chapters. Does a review of chains and theoretical developments that turn to social movements, their repertoires of action and interaction with state, emphasizing the possibilities of movements relate to the scope of public policies. Then, in chapter 2, discusses the scenario in which women in their diversity, began to organize themselves with a view to highlighting their living conditions and register their demands on the public agenda through political activism, but also in interaction with the State, on a paved path by the actions of the feminist movements. In Chapter 3 we present the existing policies to fight violence against women built with a view of the incidence of women's movements and feminist, evidencing the initiatives regarding the reality of women in the field. Our empirical focus turns to the state of Minas Gerais and in order to do so, in chapter 4, we discuss the process of articulation of different movements that represent women in the state, revealing their forms of mobilization, collective action and for dialog with the government. Finally, are analyzed in chapter 5, how are being conducted existing initiatives to deal with violence against women in Minas Gerais and the relationship of social movements in these actions and follow-up processes. We emphasize the effects and the potential of actions resulting from the processes of mobilisation, organization and participation of movements for the design of policies analyzed, revealing a history of advances in recent years in spite of the obstacles so that the phenomenon of violence has visibility and can be combated in rural areas.