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Item Eficiência administrativa nas contratações públicas: a experiência do Observatório da Despesa Pública da Controladoria-Geral da União(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2015-03-27) Amaral, Marcio Almeida do; Pinto, Luciana Moraes Raso Sardinha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4519213255441318; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3678172153181366; Haikal, Daniela Mello Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0209141475152418The theme regarding administrative efficiency is relevant due the impact that public procurement has over the government spending vis-à-vis the limited amount of budget and the public needs as to maintain the government machine running, implement public policies and provide services to citizens. Achieve efficiency is simultaneously a duty and a challenge for the government, given the difficulties and constraints imposed by the external and internal environment. Considering this scenario, a qualitative research was carried out through a case study on the experience of the Public Spending Observatory of the Comptroller General of Brazil (CGU), in order to analyze its contribution to the efficiency in public procurement within the federal government. The theoretical framework included the theories of bureaucracy, due to the prevalence of the Weberian bureaucratic model in organizational structure and functioning of public administration, with its focus on procedural efficiency, and the ideas and proposals of managerial movements, in special the NPM, with its focus on results-based efficiency. In terms of methodology, in addition to literature review, the research involved the analysis of primary and secondary data, non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews with actors occupying strategic positions in the CGU. The final results of the research lead to the conclusion that the Public Spending Observatory can indeed contribute to the improvement of efficiency in public procurement, although it is done in a subsidiary basis. Besides that, the functioning of Public Spending Observatory is restricted by the external limits expressed by the political, regulatory and institutional constraints of environment in which it operates, and internal, arising from the apparent under-utilization of its potential due to the organizational context of the CGU. As a suggestion for future research, it would be important to conduct studies on the internal culture of the CGU and its effect on the functioning of the organization as a whole and find the impact of Public Spending Observatory on the federal agencies, trying to identify positive aspects, weaknesses and points for improvement.Item Capacidade estatal e políticas de promoção da igualdade racial: o caso brasileiro(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2017-03-24) Almeida, Gustavo Henrique Moreira Dias; Ladeira, Carla Bronzo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2040877413046909; Machado, José Ângelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9345341099863361; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6739881018308220This study intends to analyze the aspects of the state capacity in the scope of the public politics of promotion of racial equality in Brazil. It is a historical approach to the perpetuation of social inequalities based on ethnic-racial relations, focusing on the role of the black movement's participation in the recognition of rights and state institutions in the process of producing the integrality necessary to approach ethnic inequality Racial discrimination in Brazil. The research has as reference frame the state capacities, represented by the administrative and political capacity, and its operational attributes as a way to visualize the public policies of promotion of racial equality. The attributes used were: coordination, flexibility, innovation, sustainability, Evaluation, legitimacy and equity. After documentary analysis and interviews with the former leaders involved in the construction of state capacities, the aim was to identify the conditions of state capacity for the production of policy and management of public policies, emphasizing the advances and challenges found in the policy of promoting racial equality In Brazil from 2003 to 2015. The purpose is to understand the trajectory of struggles for recognition of a portion of the Brazilian population, materialized at the state level through a specific institutional arrangement. Understanding this process of building state capacities in this field of public policies was the central objective of the research. In the end, it was shown that many advances were made in the area of racial equality, however, directly proportional, it was also evident that the more advanced, the more a counterforce was to maintain the existing status quo. Discrimination and any structure created and articulated to maintain hierarchy among races were so entrenched in Brazilian institutions that, throughout the development of state capacities, the Brazilian state encountered difficulties in promoting racial equality as an institutionalized public policy. This finding was made clear by the fact that the former leaders reported the difficulties in putting in place programmed actions.