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Item Análise da sensibilidade ao gênero do orçamento do Município de Belo Horizonte(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023) Coutinho, Camila Mariana da Cruz Gomes; Souza, Letícia Godinho de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4333929511296586; Riani, Juliana de Lucena Ruas; Pinto, Élida Graziane; Gomes, Ana Paula SalejInternational organizations have tried to guide gender issues within the agendas for the sustainable development of nations, guiding the elaboration of gendered public policies. Despite the global efforts promoted in recent decades to eliminate inequalities between women and men, recent reports indicate that there is still much to be done, and it is suggested that the incorporation of the gender perspective in government planning instruments is fundamental for achieving effective results in the medium and long term. The study carried out sought to assess whether the budgetary instruments of the city of Belo Horizonte showed greater sensitivity to gender issues after the measures adopted for the institutionalization of gender issues. It started with the creation of a committee in 2017, responsible for coordinating work on the elaboration of the City Gender Equity Plan, officially launched in 2019 by the institution. Gender- Sensitive budget allocations were selected from the 2018 to 2022 budgets, whose treatment and analysis revealed a slight increase in sensitivity to gender issues in the municipality, even though the actions of the plan have not been properly incorporated into the planning instruments of short and medium term, highlighting the difficulties related to translating the plan into budget allocations.Item Governança em tempos da Covid-19: o caso do sistema prisional mineiro(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023-03-30) Lima, Mariana Procópio de Castro; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3678172153181366; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; Nascimento, Luís Felipe Zilli do; Ribeiro, Ludmila Mendonça LopesWith the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus, the world was forced to adapt its way of living and coexisting. The executive branch of the State of Minas Gerais declared a state of public calamity between March 2020 and December 2021, a period in which several measures were adopted based on the implementation of a governance structure with the main aim of curbing the spread of the virus, mitigating the effects of the disease and ensure the continuity of public services. Within the scope of the Minas Gerais prison system, the second most populous in the country, characterized by a large number of units and overcrowding, an emergency public governance structure was established, responsible for the decisions of that public policy. The dissertation analyzes the governance arrangement during the Covid-19 pandemic, verifying the functioning of the prison system and the maintenance of custody processes and assistance to the prisoner. Based on the mobilization of a theoretical framework related to Covid-19, the prison system and public governance, qualitative and descriptive research was carried out through a case study in Minas Gerais during the pandemic period. As instruments for data collection, literature review, documentary surveys, semi-structured interviews and technical visits were used. The documentary analysis involved 204 Deliberations of the Covid-19 Extraordinary Committee, 186 state normative acts, 14 federal normative acts and 31 state and federal legislation relevant to the subject. There were also 16 interviews with key actors identified in the research process, such as state public servants of Minas Gerais in public safety, health, ombudsman, Public Ministry, Public Defender, Judiciary and representatives of lawyers, trade unions and friends and family of prisoners. A technical visit to the prison unit was also carried out to verify the processes of custody and assistance to the prisoner in the pandemic period, using a record in a field notebook. Research findings indicate the introduction of measures to protect the health of civil servants and convicts, changes in the organization of the work process, implementation of the recommendations of the National Council of Justice, and influence of external actors in state governance, such as the federal government, Judiciary and Public Ministry. The research also revealed that the prisoner's access to assistance guarantees was limited, but the idea of protection aimed at by governance can be demonstrated as the data obtained showed a non-expressive number of prisoners who died due to Covid-19. The dissertation contributes to prison management with the dissemination of information about the modus operandi of action in the prison system of Minas Gerais during the pandemic, enabling its application, in the future, by other public entities in similar situations. New studies are suggested to evaluate the routine of prison units after the pandemic period; verifying whether the experience of Covid-19 and the governance arrangement itself will contribute to the improvement of prison management; of comparative analysis between other states and countries to understand how they were organized and the results obtained for their prison systems.Item Economia Circular em Belo Horizonte: análise do município, políticas e intervenientes, sob a ótica de uma cidade circular(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023-12-20) Parreira, Leandro Schneider Alves; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8850956320615888; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; Carneiro, Ricardo; Pegorin, Maria CristinaHumanity is experiencing turbulent times, caused by the effects of global warming and climate change. Such phenomena reverberate in different socioeconomic spheres, demanding that society search for new means of existence, which are more sustainable and respect the Earth's natural limits. In this sense, the current economic model, called Linear Economy, has been, since its origin, harmful to the environment, as it is based on the massive extraction of virgin raw materials, the production, in general, of non-eco-efficient products, rarely designed to be reused or repurposed, and, finally, in planned obsolescence and inadequate disposal, generating waste that is barely recycled or reused. A counterpoint to the linear economic model, the Circular Economy can contribute to placing humanity on a safe and fair level for everyone, combining concern with the Earth's ecological ceiling and the presence of a social foundation. It is a concept that associates economic development with better use of natural resources, through new business models and optimization of manufacturing processes. The expansion of this circular model and its applicability in the urban context gave rise to the term circular city. Circular cities are municipalities where, together with stakeholders, we seek to apply the concepts of circular economy, improving environmental, economic, and social indicators, increasing the city's resilience and longevity, as well as the well-being of citizens. Aiming to explore the application of concepts in the urban environment, specifically in the city of Belo Horizonte, this work's central objective is to analyze the capital of Minas Gerais through the lens of a circular city. Therefore, a narrative review of convenience is used, in order to present the concepts of Circular Economy and Circular City. Next, a chapter is dedicated to the analysis of the cities of Amsterdam, in the Netherlands, and Paris, in France, in the context of Circular Cities. It continues with a chapter that addresses the panorama of the Circular Economy and waste management in Brazil. The penultimate chapter analyzes socio-economic-environmental indicators of Belo Horizonte, related to the theme of Circular Economy, comparing the capital of Minas Gerais with other Brazilian capitals and cities. The last chapter delves into BH's municipal policies and plans, related to the Circular Economy, using document and content analysis, field work, forms, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews with stakeholders. It is observed that, although Belo Horizonte is not a city in transition to the circular model, it presents solid strategies related to the topic and good reach in some key indicators in the evaluation of circular cities. On the other hand, barriers to the materialization of plans include low integration between government sectors, a lack of political and societal interest in the environmental agenda, interference from the business sector and operational and financial bottlenecks.Item A (in)efetividade do licenciamento ambiental da atividade de mineração de ferro no estado de Minas Gerais: uma análise das deliberações da Câmara de Atividades Minerárias do Conselho Estadual de Política Ambiental(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2022) Catão, Camila Lopes Malveira; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6739881018308220; Carneiro, Ricardo; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; Santos, Raquel de Oliveira TeixeiraThe present research is dedicated to the analysis of the environmental licensing system for iron ore mining activities, conceived as a fundamental instrument of state regulation which, in turn, is intended to control the sector's economic activity and to promote environmental justice. Considering the current developmentalist economic policy and the relevance of mining activities for the state's economy, it is clear that environmental governance in Minas Gerais tends to accommodate demands from the business sector, which, supported by promises of promoting sustainable development and the consequent generation of employment and income, maintains the extractive model of mineral production that contributes to the perpetuation of the situation of economic dependence to which municipalities already heavily weakened by mining are subjected. In this context, it is important to highlight the intensification of conflicts and environmental injustices, due to the confrontation of interests between economic, state, and social agents. It is understood that the constitutive elements of such a problem are faithfully represented in the course of the decisionmaking processes regarding the granting of environmental licenses to iron ore extraction enterprises, in the scope of the Chamber of Mining Activities of the State Council of Environmental Policy of Minas Gerais (CMI/Copam). This deliberative arena brings together representatives of the state and business sectors, in addition to environmental movements that act in opposition to mining, in view of the environmentally degrading impacts imposed by the activity, disproportionately, on members of local communities. In this sense, an important tool for empirical analysis is the analysis of the minutes of the environmental permit analysis and deliberation sessions at the CMI, highlighting, through the analysis of the council members' manifestations, the nature of the perceptions and the rationalities that guide the decisions made, relating them to the interests that the segment represented on the Council defends. The data obtained point to the ineffectiveness of the environmental licensing system at CMI/Copam, revealing the institutional inability of environmental management in line with the 1988 Federal Constitution, the prevalence of economic and public-institutional arrangements and strategies aimed at facilitating the procedure for the benefit of business interests, practices that configure distinct forms of regulatory capture, the use of social contestation strategies as a form of opposition to mining. Finally, we conclude that the iron ore mining licensing system calls for reformulations in order to make the granting of licenses more rigorous, breaking with the prevailing developmentalist logic, which presupposes the granting of environmental licenses as a practically compulsory or automatic administrative act.Item Análise da eficácia dos gastos com saúde nos municípios de Minas Gerais e dos Pareceres do TCEMG(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2020) Duarte, Luiza Amâncio Ferreira; Ferreira, Frederico Poley Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1448397981510363; Ferreira Júnior, Silvio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7789533222493903; Ferreira Júnior, Sílvio; Ferreira, Frederico Poley Martins; Wanderley, Cláudio Burian; Pinto, Luciana Moraes Raso SardinhaStarting with decentralization and fiscal autonomy instituted in Brazilian states and cities by the Federal Constitution of 1988, a whole normative apparatus was consolidated aiming to assure the sub-national parties in applying public resources in health actions and services, culminating in the Complementary Law number 141 of January 13, 2012, which regulates paragraph 3 of the Constitution’s article 1988, when discoursing on minimum values to be applied annually be the Union, States, Federal District, and Cities in Public Health Actions and Services, tying income and expenses to these expenses. Cities are required to apply at least 15% of their own municipal resources in health actions and services, and the State’s Courts of Auditors, as well as external control institutions, have to aid the Legislative Power on the inspection of the fulfillment of this requirement. However, according to the analysis made by the inspection organ of the cities accountabilities, the focus is in the conformity regarding the application of at least the minimum percentage required, not taking into account other aspects of the municipal profile, such as the quality of the expense, differences in socioeconomic profiles, or health needs, for example. Previous analyses of opinions emitted by the Minas Gerais Court of Auditors regarding the application of the State’s cities own resources allows to detect absence of clarity and objectiveness regarding the criteria established by the inspecting organ. Previous poll of the emitted opinions up to the beginning of this research indicates that, basically, these opinions analyze if the applied percentage was greater or equal to the required minimum, whereas many cases still use the insignificance principle to approve some municipal bills that present percentages below, but not far, from the required minimum. Thus, two main questions motivate the development of this research: (1) how did the institution of mandatory application of own resources shape the municipal managers behavior in applying their resources in levels proportional to their specific needs in their health system? (2) How did the results of the opinions emitted by the TCEMG - notedly regarding the cities that applied own resources below the minimum required by law - present themselves coherent to the socioeconomic profiles and health needs? Regarding this paper’s contribution to the reflection on the theme, as well as for the work of legislators and public managers, including the Court of Auditors of the State of Minas Gerais, this paper’s objective is to highlight the importance of considering a wider spectrum of information of the municipal profiles, when analyzing the percentage of resources applied in the health system. The quantitative method approach involved crossing municipal data on the percentage of own resources applied to health actions and services with data on the city’s profile, such as GDP per capita, the population percentage that is poor, and levels of necessity in health. Furthermore, the method involved crossing the applied percentage with the existing municipal coverage of HR professionals in the health system, as well as estimates of possible coverage expansion., especially in those cities that failed to apply at least the minimal 15%. Amongst the obtained results, disparate situations were observed, such as cities that failed to apply the minimum required by the constitution, but are characterized as valid due to the low percentage of the population that is poor, high GDP per capita and low need in the health system, while the other group of cities showcase high necessities in healthcare , high percentage of poor population, and low GDP per capita, but who apply percentages of own resources close to the legal required minimum. These evidences allows to conclude that current legislation, as well as external control, limit themselves on encouraging cities to apply their resources in levels close to the minimum required by law, not having a mechanism that can stimulate cities in worse healthcare condition and poverty to apply their resources in levels proportionally higher, while cities in more favorable conditions of healthcare and economic port are obligated to apply resources on the required percentage when, apparently, a smaller contribution would suffice.Item Reflexões sobre a importância da agricultura familiar e do PRONAF para o desenvolvimento econômico no Vale do Jequitinhonha(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023) Vieira, Sérgio Campos; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8850956320615888; Riani, Juliana Lucena Ruas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9989788828773610; Riani, Juliana Lucena Ruas; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; Ferreira, Frederico Poley Martins; Leal Filho, Raimundo de SousaThe main objective of this dissertation is to evaluate the performance of family farming and the National Program for Strengthening Family Agriculture (Pronaf) in the Vale do Jequitinhonha. The work is structured in four chapters. The first shows the relevance of the theme, addressing, on the one hand, the perspective of development in its various dimensions, and on the other hand, family farming as an instrument for generating income, combating poverty and food security. The second chapter studies Brazilian agricultural policy after the 1930s, in which Brazil turned to the import substitution model, going through the military period, in which the State reconciled agricultural modernization with development by expanding the land structure and subsidy for employer agriculture. This development model triggered the struggle for access to land and for policies for family-based production, especially after redemocratization in 1988, which led to the creation of some policies for family farming, such as Pronaf in 1996. The third deals with of Pronaf, an important policy aimed at family farming, created in response to the demands of movements that claimed specific policies for family-based production. The last chapter addresses Jequitinhonha, which is characterized by being a region with poor socioeconomic indicators and a significant portion of the population living in rural areas. Due to these characteristics, Pronaf's performance in the region was investigated, as a policy to promote family farming. Finally, the last chapter suggests some actions for the improvement of family farming and for the expansion of Pronaf in the region.Item Mulheres na segurança além da sociedade ocidental: uma discussão sob a perspectiva de mulheres profissionais de segurança em Adis Abeba, Etiópia(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023) Guedes, Déborah Carvalho; Souza, Letícia Godinho de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4333929511296586; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9562452176702956; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; Souza, Letícia Godinho de; Seidl, Renata de Souza; Jorge, Alline PedraThis dissertation sought to discuss the role of women in security, based on an analysis of professional women in the field of private security in the capital of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa. The work builds a theoretical discussion about gender and seeks to understand whether it is possible to discuss gender roles in Ethiopia, making an interlocution between Western theorists and African theorists. The research demonstrates that, due to the historical and political construction of Ethiopia, it is possible to discuss gender roles and, more specifically, the role of women in this society. To discuss security, the work develops the historical construction of the police and discusses the development of the private security industry. It also discusses the interlocution between security and gender in institutions and the international agenda Women, Peace, and Security (WPS). Qualitative research was carried out through exploratory research, which sought to answer and analyse the listed questions with the use of bibliographical research, field research and interviews. Nine women, private security officers, were interviewed as well as representatives of a national feminist movement. From the methodology adopted, a common understanding was perceived regarding gender roles, which directly relates to Western theories. The results demonstrate that there are characteristics associated with the woman's socialization processes that can contribute to the discussion of security. In addition, it is observed that although Ethiopia is located in a cultural and social universe that is very different from Brazil, women are subjected to very similar oppressions in the face of a system that is also patriarchal and shares religious and family elements.Item Prestação regionalizada e governança interfederativa: desafios à universalização do saneamento básico(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023) Issa, Francine Ohana Dias Neder; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; Carneiro, Ricardo; Andrade, ÉricoThe present work aims to analyze the regionalized provision and interfederal governance, both pillars brought by the New Legal Framework for Basic Sanitation (NMSB), Law No. 14.026/2020, which has as its main objective the universalization of access to basic sanitation by the year 2033. In this context, the main objective of this work is to verify if the structural elements of interfederal governance have been observed when it comes to regionalized provision of basic sanitation services coordinated by each state. To do so, it is first presented the panorama of basic sanitation services provision in Brazil, considering the institutional changes brought by the NMSB, as well as the related issues regarding ownership and competence in the provision of this services, according to the Federal Constitution. Next, the theme of regionalized provision of water supply and sanitation services is addressed, considering the modalities indicated by the NMSB. In this same chapter, it is presented the scenario of structuring regionalized provision in the country since the publication of the NMSB. Further on, the normative structural elements of interfederal governance are presented considering the provisions of the Statute of the Metropolis and the jurisprudence of the Supreme Federal Court. In addition, the auctions of basic sanitation public services in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Alagoas are presented with the intention to demonstrated the relevance of a well-structured Governance in. After analyzing the laws/decrees of eight states that have already structured their respective interfederal governances, it is concluded that there are relevant deficiencies in the structures created, especially regarding the absence of financial autonomy and the participation of civil society in the structures of interfederal governance. At the end, it is concluded that the implementation of regionalized provision and, consequ ently, universalization, depends on the structuring of a solid and stable interfederal governance which allows the organization, planning and execution of regionalized services provision.Item Parceria poder público e organizações não-governamentais na implementação de políticas sociais : um olhar sobre a política para população adulta de rua de Belo Horizonte(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2005-02-21) Maciel, Fabrícia Cristina de Castro; Veiga, Laura da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7530447934015963; Veiga, Laura da; Somarriba, Maria das Mercês Gomes; Marques, Maria Elizabeth-Item A atenção secundária à saúde na pandemia da COVID-19 em Minas Gerais: uma análise empírica da resposta do SUS no enfrentamento dos casos graves(2023) Sousa, Josimary Conceição de; Barbosa, Lúcio Otávio Seixas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0763986687709752; Ferreira Júnior, Sílvio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7789533222493903; Ferreira Júnior, Sílvio; Barbosa, Lúcio Otávio Seixa; Fahel, Murilo Cássio Xavier; Maia, Denise Helena França Marques; Pereira, Danielle Ramos de MirandaIn an unprecedented and unexpected crisis situation like the COVID-19 pandemic, the sudden increase in acute health cases arising from an unknown disease further exacerbates the problems caused by limited resources dedicated to public health services. In the case of Brazil, the challenge has been even greater due to its vast territorial extension, as well as the complexity of its healthcare system, structured in a federative context where the effectiveness is conditioned to its governance capacity as established constitutionally. In a historical context of regional inequalities, the microregional coverage capacity in the management of severe cases depends on the configuration of regionalization of healthcare networks in each state, which is influenced by structural heterogeneities [availability of physical, human, and financial resources], governance capacity [capacity of governance in the collegiate instances of discussion and decision-making], as well as socioeconomic and demographic differences [social determinants of health] among the different microregions of the state. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the responsiveness of the Unified Health System (SUS) in the state of Minas Gerais in addressing severe cases of COVID-19, specifically with regard to medium-complexity hospital services. Using a quantitative methodological approach based on the Performance Evaluation Dimensions Matrix of the Health System The results demonstrated that the system responded with an increase in financial investments and an equitable increase in bed capacity, directing more beds to microregions that had a higher number of deaths. Furthermore, the healthcare structure showed improved performance with an increase in beds in microregions with higher resolvability, which positively impacted health conditions by reducing the number of deaths.Item O controle interno de pequenos municípios, na perspectiva de seus responsáveis, e sua relação com o Tribunal de Contas(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2022) Bonfante, Giovanna; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9562452176702956; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; Carneiro, Ricardo; Souza, Letícia Godinho de; Ferreira, Diogo RibeiroThis research sought to ‘give voice’ to counties internal controllers with less than 10,000 (ten thousand) inhabitants, to know, in depth, the realities and state capabilities of these federative entities and, to verify how, in fact, these entities works and to understand, from the perspective of its responsibles, how the role of the Court of Auditors and its requirements for counties internal controls are perceived. On the other hand, it tried to see the understanding of Court of Accounts actions by the counties representative’s point of view. Finally, it investigated the possibility of partnerships between internal and external controls. To unveil all these questions, internal controls of small counties and Court of Auditors of Minas Gerais State were taken as the object of this research. Furthermore, a qualitative approach was used, having formulated and tested 6 (six) research hypotheses, supported by theories of state capabilities, neoinstitutionalism, and interorganizational networks. The research findings revealed that entities studied do not have sufficient state capacity to meet the requested requirements; that these lacks capabilities are disregarded by the current legal system, by influential organizations in the field and by the Court of Accounts; that the dependency of Court of Auditors' trajectory was confirm, where despite of being focused on pedagogical actions regarding internal control, the Court did not kept distance from its supervisory role; that was also possible to verify the requirements of reciprocity, trust, and coherence, found in the theory of interorganizational networks, may indeed be present in eventual partnerships between external and internal controls.Item Gestão orçamentária em uma instituição federal de ensino(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2022) Mello, Marcos Paulo de Sá; Cruz, Marcus Vinícius Gonçalves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3678172153181366; Ferreira Júnior, Sílvio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7789533222493903; Ferreira Júnior, Sílvio; Cruz, Marcus Vinícius Gonçalves da; Guerra, Ana Carolina; Arantes, Vagner AlvesThe conduct of the budget of the Federal Educational Institutions (IFE) has been changing simultaneously to the changes that occurred in the Federal Government, in view of the advanced management public administration, which since the end of the 1990s, began to develop innovations based on the premises of New Public Management. Recently, the tools of information and communication technology has accelerated this process, so that the instruments of management of economic and financial resources are presented in a way that is substantially capable of controlling and monitoring public resources, enabling the review of planned values and optimizing public resources, which have been significantly suppressed, between the first and second half of the last decade. In this context, the IFE is researched, which currently has 18 campuses, with disparate structural realities, education categories and budget allocations. Thus, this research sought to identify the budgetary behavior of this institution, through the main budgetary actions performed: assistance, training, operation, promotion and infrastructure, in view of exogenous changes, as well as structural and administrative endogenous elements that followed in the research period, from 2010 to 2020. The main theoretical basis oriented to respond to the research problem was New Public Management and, in a complementary way, budget management. The research methodology was based on the documental analysis of data, with the quantitative investigation of the budget executed in the research period, as well as the verification of institutional documents and the conduct of interviews. It´s concluded that endogenous and exogenous phenomena didn´t contribute to the improvement of performance, in a perspective of comprehensive quantitative analysis to the budget, in view of the limitations caused by the new political agenda and the context of economic and financial crisis present in the country in the second period of the survey, from 2016 to 2020. However, it was found that there is a direction to improve university management, given the institutional strategies for achieving of its goals, although the campuses have disparate cultural and dimensional realities, there is a lack of assertive strategies for alignment of budget management effective.Item Efeitos do marco regulatório do setor portuário instituído pela Lei n° 12.815 na atração de investimentos para a construção de instalações portuárias privadas(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023) Glória, Igor Ribeiro da; Barbosa, Lúcio Otávio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0763986687709752; Barbosa, Lúcio Otávio Seixas; Guimarães, Alexandre Queiroz; Rocha, Carlos Henrique MarquesThe port infrastructure exploration sector is a market in which the state participates, providing the structure, making direct investments or exercising the regulation of activities carried out by private agents. In Brazil, until the enactment of Law No. 12.815, of 2013, the commercial exploitation of a port facility was authorized only to be carried out within the limits of public ports. However, since then, private agents has been allowed to build ports to mainly exploit it commercially, offering port services to anyone interested in moving cargo. This ammendent in the legislation aimed to attract private investment to the sector, thus contributing to reduce the existing port infrastructure deficit in the country. The present work evaluated the private investments carried out during the period from 2013 to 2022 in private port facilities, authorized by the public sector to expand or to be built after the new regulatory framework. We retrieve data from Antaq's administrative processes authorizing ng investment in port terminals, as well as information contained in reports from the regulatory agency and data published by the National Treasury. The results indicated that the authorized port facilities that were expanded or built were located especially in places where barriers to entry were lower, such as on the banks of inland waterways or, in the case of maritime facilities, where there was already the infrastructure to waterway access managed by some agent, such as the Port Authorities of organized ports. It was also verified that the authorized companies to construct port terminals with investments in excess of R$1 billion, updated to September/2021, have had difficulties in getting these projects off the ground, which could affect the sectoral planning of such infrastructure sector.Item Avaliação especial de desempenho e a estabilidade: estudo de caso nas administrações dos municípios de Campo Belo e Belo Horizonte em Minas Gerais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023) Melo, Thiago Augusto Schmidt de; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3678172153181366; Oliveira, Kamila Pagel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3216062751491834; Oliveira, Kamila Pagel; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; Carvalho, Flaviana Andrade de Pádua; Bergue, Sandro TrescastroThis research aims to analyze people management in the public sector, with a focus on the institute of stability and on the special evaluation of performance within the scope of two municipalities in Minas Gerais. The objective of the research is to analyze the process of special performance evaluation of public servants during the probationary period, from the perspective of giving them the stability provided by law. It begins by analyzing the stability and the challenge of evaluating public servants. Afterward, some considerations are made about the most recent political debates on the subject, bringing up general concepts, the historical origin of stability, and its provision in the Federal Constitution. Soon after, it enters into the legal instruments provided for in the Federal Constitution that allow and direct the evaluation of public servants, with a greater focus on the special performance evaluation. This is still worked on in the light of performance management in the public sphere, presenting some notes made by the literature on the act of evaluating the public servant. The methodology is based on a case study, giving a more empirical approach to the research, studying the special performance evaluation in two municipalities in Minas Gerais – Campo Belo and Belo Horizonte. The municipal norms of both, which regulate the evaluation during the probationary period, are analyzed, describing in a comparative way how the performance evaluation takes place in each city hall. Nine civil servants were interviewed in each location, highlighting the positive and negative points presented by the interviewees during the evaluation process. Some distinctions were found in the evaluation processes in each location, despite the similarities among the complaints and speeches of the interviewees, regarding their impressions of the special performance evaluation. It concludes by stating that the institute of stability, by itself, does not create obstacles to the proper functioning of the public service, but rather an absence or deficiency in people management, reified, in this work, by the lack of a more specific, concrete and reliable performance evaluation.Item O controle do Poder Legislativo sobre o Poder Executivo: uma análise dos instrumentos à disposição do Legislativo e de sua interação dentro do ecossistema de controle existente no município de Belo Horizonte(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023) Martins, João Victor Malagoli; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6739881018308220; Carneiro, Ricardo; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; Ckagnazaroff, Ivan BeckThe Legislative Branch is widely known for its legislative function, exercised through the drafting and reform of laws which constitutes the legal framework, and also for its representative function. It can be said, that citizens elect their representatives to defend and to strive by their interests and needs in the whole society, which includes the federal, regional (state) or local (municipal) levels. It is also worth noting, that the Legislative Power is also responsible for another important function, but which is often it not given the real emphasize by society and by the representatives themselves: the supervisory function. In this sense, it is up to the Legislative Power, in addition to legislating and representing society, to supervise the acts and actions of the Executive Power, in order to certify that the planning, budget, accounts and public policies delivered to society are being carried out within legal limits, prudently, efficiently and in the public interest. Bearing in mind the importance of the oversight function, this paper addresses the instruments available to the Legislative Branch and its interaction within the existing control ecosystem, considering the local level of government. The inquiry was directed to the municipality of Belo Horizonte, addressing the means and possibilities of action in the City Council, as a representative of the Legislative Authority, within an entire apparatus and other institutions that are part of this control environment. This is, therefore, a study case, in which we intend to survey and examine the application of the main control instruments, which make the surveillance function of the Legislative Power achievable. At the end, the research analyzes the control instruments available to the Municipal Council of Belo Horizonte (CMBH), focusing on how they are used, what sorts of control they lend themselves to, how and how often they have been used, and what results are produced from the use of each one of them, also pursuing to understand how they affect and contribute to the process of accountability. From the analysis carried out, it can be noticed that, despite the use of the instruments by the councilors, the results generated from the supervisory actions of the Legislative have been little effective, in view of the low integration between the actors that belong to this envoriment.Item Transparência e privacidade no âmbito das estatais mineiras: análise da implementação da Lei de Acesso à Informação e da Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados e sua relação com os princípios da governança pública(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023) Lima Júnior, Fernando Nogueira; Dufloth, Simone Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6166815079725368; Dufloth, Simone Cristina; Silva, Max Melquiades da; Câmara, Mauro AraújoThe research seeks to analyze the implementation of the Law of Access to Information (LAI) and the General Law of Data Protection (LGPD), in the scope of the state companies of Minas Gerais, and its relationship with the principles of public governance. The study was based on bibliographic, documentary and field research, the latter carried out in two phases, the first of a quantitative approach, developed through the application of two structured questionnaires, and the second of a qualitative approach, carried out through semistructured interviews. The object of analysis are the 12 (twelve) state-owned companies controlled directly by the Minas Gerais State Government. After carrying out the stages of the research, a comparative examination was carried out between the results obtained in the documentary analysis, in the questionnaires and in the interviews. The results of the desk research reveal that, although it may seem contradictory to protect personal data and determine access to public information, the LAI and LGPD are not at different poles. The provisions that protect privacy can coexist with the principles of governance and transparency, and there are no aspects of incompatibility or inconsistencies. The field research indicated that state-owned companies in Minas Gerais have satisfactorily met the stages for implementation and execution of the LAI and LGPD, although some have shown difficulties in making the duty of transparency compatible with the protection of privacy. By establishing programs based on corporate governance principles, state-owned companies find it easier to systematically interpret the LAI and LGPD, creating appropriate information flows and a logical interpretative basis, which facilitates the dialogue between the right to the protection of personal data and access to public information, fostering transparency and privacy, essential features for the development of a governance regime that meets social concerns and the goals for which the state-owned companies were created.Item A estabilidade do servidor público e a burocracia temporária: estudo de caso dos professores de educação básica do estado de Minas Gerais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2022) Espinola, Thaísa Ferreira Amaral Gomes; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3678172153181366; Cruz, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da; Oliveira, Kamila Pagel; Moura, Ana Lúcia Neves de; Oliveira, Breynner Ricardo deAfter the promulgation of the 1988 Constitution, there were changes in the concept of public service, as well as changes in the characteristics of the Brazilian public bureaucracy, such as the flexibilization of the stability of the public servant, these changes being reflections of the movement called New Public Management, defended by the Administrative Reform of 1995. However, permanent bureaucracy remained as a rule, occupying a position of effective provision, with temporary bureaucracy provided exceptionally. Since then, several other new proposals for modifying the characteristics and management of Brazilian public servants have emerged, such as the Administrative Reform of PEC no 32/2020, currently under debate in the National Congress. In general, proposals to change the characteristics of public bureaucracy focus on the institute of stability, seeking its flexibility or extinction, thus transforming a large part of the current stable public bureaucracy into temporary. The present research analyzed the influence of the public servant's stability in the policies and practices of people management, through the case study of a temporary and stable street level bureaucracy, represented by the Basic Education Teachers (PEB) of the state school system of State of Minas Gerais, from the point of view of its immediate superiors, the middle-level bureaucracy, the School Directors. The methodological procedures favored a qualitative approach, with a descriptive character, using data collection instruments from the literature review, documental research and interviews. The stability of the public servant, in general, is not perceived as a differentiating factor in the professional performance of the public servant and in determining the performance of PEB competencies, considering personal characteristics and management as determining factors in such variables. The lack of job stability was identified as harmful to the worker's mental health and as an impediment to the feeling of organizational belonging, which influences the behavior of public servants and their organizational dedication. In relation to administrative discontinuity, the high turnover of personnel generated by the lack of stability is seen as a factor that contributes to the rupture in management, compromising institutional results and preventing the improvement of people management policies and practices, and consequently, a higher quality public service. The stability of the civil servant, therefore, in general, positively influences people management practices and policies in the public sector and is still seen as attractive for joining the public service due to the economic security it provides. However, it was stressed the importance of effective management and the existence of effective instruments that make it possible to measure the performance of the server, as well as effectively apply the termination measures, in case of unsatisfactory performance, or of awards, in case of excellent performance.Item O gestor público e a Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal: desafios e limitações em sua atuação(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2022-12-14) Carneiro, Marluci Regina de Aro Utsch; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6739881018308220; Oliveira, Kamila Pagel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3216062751491834; Carneiro, Ricardo; Ferreira Junior, Silvio; Reis, Marcio Carneiro dosThe purpose of this work is to analyze the main challenges and limitations faced by public managers in their work in relation to the Fiscal Responsibility Law. We sought to identify what are the challenges and limitations they face in order to comply with the legal provisions of the LRF. In this perspective, we tried to verify their main understandings regarding the limits established by the Law, their consequences and possible punishments. For that, it was decided to use a qualitative approach methodology, based mainly on bibliographical, documental and field research. As for the objectives, it can be considered exploratory, since it aims to bring theoretical knowledge closer to the reality of facts; qualitative and descriptive, based mainly on bibliographical, documental and field research. Interviews were conducted with representatives of managers, technical advisors from advisory and supervisory bodies, and an online questionnaire was applied to collect the personal perceptions of managers, from data that are not included in the mandatory digital platforms. The selected data made it possible to know what the managers understand as the main challenges and limitations in their performance and also to analyze whether they correspond to the reasons for indicating the rejection of the accounts by the State Court of Auditors, when issuing the prior opinion in in relation to the Annual Accounts Rendering of the Head of the Executive Branch. In addition, data were collected from managers and technical advisors of advisory bodies, representatives of the legislature and also of the executive. From the results obtained, it was possible to understand that, despite the challenges and limitations presented to managers by the Fiscal Responsibility Law, they have been able to overcome them.Item Capacidade estatal e políticas de promoção da igualdade racial: o caso brasileiro(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2017-01-01) Almeida, Gustavo Henrique Moreira Dias; Ladeira, Carla Bronzo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2040877413046909; Ladeira, Carla Bronzo; Machado, José Ângelo; Carneiro, RicardoThis study intends to analyze the aspects of the state capacity in the scope of the public politics of promotion of racial equality in Brazil. It is a historical approach to the perpetuation of social inequalities based on ethnic-racial relations, focusing on the role of the black movement's participation in the recognition of rights and state institutions in the process of producing the integrality necessary to approach ethnic inequality Racial discrimination in Brazil. The research has as reference frame the state capacities, represented by the administrative and political capacity, and its operational attributes as a way to visualize the public policies of promotion of racial equality. The attributes used were: coordination, flexibility, innovation, sustainability, Evaluation, legitimacy and equity. After documentary analysis and interviews with the former leaders involved in the construction of state capacities, the aim was to identify the conditions of state capacity for the production of policy and management of public policies, emphasizing the advances and challenges found in the policy of promoting racial equality In Brazil from 2003 to 2015. The purpose is to understand the trajectory of struggles for recognition of a portion of the Brazilian population, materialized at the state level through a specific institutional arrangement. Understanding this process of building state capacities in this field of public policies was the central objective of the research. In the end, it was shown that many advances were made in the area of racial equality, however, directly proportional, it was also evident that the more advanced, the more a counterforce was to maintain the existing status quo. Discrimination and any structure created and articulated to maintain hierarchy among races were so entrenched in Brazilian institutions that, throughout the development of state capacities, the Brazilian state encountered difficulties in promoting racial equality as an institutionalized public policy. This finding was made clear by the fact that the former leaders reported the difficulties in putting in place programmed actions.Item Teletrabalho no serviço público: o caso da Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023-03-30) Campos, Vanessa; Nascimento, Luís Felipe Zilli do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5043394873182841; Nascimento, Luís Felipe Zilli do; Cruz, Marcus Vinícius Gonçalves da; Souza, Rosânia Rodrigues de; Viana, Raquel de MattosThe COVID-19 pandemic scenario deeply impacted the world of work. At first, to avoid the spread of the disease and curb the sanitary crisis, many professionals had to be placed in remote work modalities. Such arrangements, however, were functional in various sectors of the economy, being definitely adopted even after the end of the most acute period of the pandemic, when social and professional activities began to resume their normality. In a context that, in practical terms, is already beginning to configure itself as "post-standard”, it is necessary to better understand the legacies that the crisis has left to the world of work and its new configurations. Seeking to contribute to this discussion, the present study proposed to conduct a case study on the professional universe of the Minas Gerais State Secretariat of Health (SES/MG), a unit that adopted emergency teleworking during the pandemic, but maintained this arrangement for many of its servers after the normalization of their activities. From a series of semi-structured interviews conducted with folder professionals, it was analyzed how the definitive introduction of teleworking modified work routines and organizational logic, as well as the methods of controlling the activities and the management of teams of SES/ MG. In addition, it was sought to understand how remote work also affected interpersonal relationships in the workplace and in the personal sphere of the servers. In general, the study identified a series of impacts that the adoption of remote work has designed on management processes and daily professional activities. Among the main effects can be listed the flexibility of the logic and mechanisms of work control of the servers (weakened part of the premise of bodies control and their movements, increasing the focus on deliveries and goals); As well as the most accurate mapping of the Secretariat's work and production flows, based on the new monitoring and evaluation instruments implemented not only by the state executive, but also by the unit itself. Among the servers, on the other hand, there is a strong perception of increased workload, as well as intensifying control over their activities, despite the apparent work flexibility brought by the remote model.