EG/FJP - PMAP - DISSERTAÇÕES DE MESTRADO
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Item Advocacia-Geral da União: uma agência de accountability horizontal?(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2016-03-29) Soares, Pedro Vasques; Batitucci, Eduardo Cerqueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9562452176702956; Carneiro, Ricardo; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; Ribeiro, Ludmila Mendoça LopesCorruption has conceptual richness, being a phenomenon of great social, historical and political impacts. Its reflexes can be felt on various spheres, billions of public money are wasted and it leads to serious risk to democracy. In Brazil, awareness of its existence has increased. The term corruption indicates the distortion of rules for the benefit of non-public interests and this is precisely what is not expected of a public official. Accountability is the ability to be accountable and take responsibility for the use of funds by the public officer. Comprehensiveness of the institute is wide, highlighting O'DONNELL’s analysis, in its horizontal perspective, reafirming the existence of state agencies which would have the right and the legal power, and would be actually willing and able to perform routine control actions up to imposing sanctions against other agents or state agencies. Here we sought to verify whether the Brazil’s Attorney Office (Advocacia-Geral da União – AGU) could be set as a horizontal accountability agency. AGU would be one of the control agencies within the structure of the Brazilian public administration after several reforms that took place in the 1990s. The brazilian public administration lacks agencies specialized in fighting corruption and seeking accountability in a public structured way, not subject to political influence, having interinstitutional coordination and technical freedom of action. AGU’s role as an essential to justice and the Brazilian State institution in accordance to Brazil’s Constitution of 1988 would be to represent more than the Government, but the State also, faced with the duty, as its assignment, of checking legality / lawfulness of State action. In orther to fully perform such role, the AGU should present two major basic functions: to advise, through an also consultative role, the Executive Branch and to represent judicially and extrajudicially all Powers of the Brazilian Republic, including the parquet. Thus, AGU would exercise a function of institutional control, whether as the advisory or as the legal representation, control of legality (monitoring, promoting and protecting) of the rights and duties foressen in the Brazilian Constitution, including the inherent obligations of public management and implementation of public policies. For the AGU to be set up as a designated horizontal accountability agency such as outlined by O'DONNELL, the assigning features, technical ability and willingness, as well as certain distance from the Executive Branch had to be checked. The AGU, as analyzed, has a constitutional model and an institutional role with features that allow it to be framed as a horizontal accountability agency, but not immune to failure, particularly concerning the required distance from the Executive Branch, or border defense.Item Contribuição da Lei de Acesso à Informação (LAI) para a elevação da accountability no Executivo Estadual de Minas Gerais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2017-03-29) Lopes, Aloisio Soares; Costa, Bruno Diniz Lazzarotti; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2084604177044476; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4666930977365902; Lima, Eduardo Martins de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4027280836691152The information acquired central importance in contemporary democracies. Access to it is a prerequisite for governors to control the governed. But that alone is not enough. In addition to access to information and freedom of expression, as guarantees for democracy, there is a need, among others, for deliberation and sanitation, which are based on the concept of accountability. This is what this research shows when trying to identify the contribution of the Access to Information Law for the increase of accountability in the state executive of Minas Gerais. From the analysis of implementation of LAI, through reports to meet the demands of citizens in the period 2012/2016 and interviews with implementers and users, it was possible to identify challenges such as document management and secrecy in public management. Despite the significant increase in the number of accesses to information, through the Transparency Portal of the state executive, during the period under study, the insufficiency of control and accountability mechanisms still undermine social participation and the monitoring of government policies and acts.Item Democracia e participação: uma análise da implementação do orçamento participativo do município de Contagem(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2007) Carmo, Érica do; Menicucci, Telma Maria Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8388652849956928; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4735034Y6; Somarriba, Maria das Mercês Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3149829192330097A disseminação de instrumentos de gestão para as políticas públicas, como os Orçamentos participativos, em diferentes cidades do Brasil, enseja uma investigação sobre seu potencial democratizante, na perspectiva de melhorar o desempenho institucional do governo e de se garantir a participação popular na formulação e controle das políticas públicas. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem como questão central os impactos da implantação do Orçamento Participativo (OP) na governança do município de Contagem, objetivando investigar seu potencial efeito no planejamento e na relação da Prefeitura com o legislativo e com a comunidade. A pesquisa utiliza-se da analise do desenho institucional do OP Contagem e das indicações conseguidas com as entrevistas com diferentes atores políticos da cidade, que de alguma forma participaram ou acompanharam o processo de implantação do OP, no ano de 2005. Tem-se como principais pressupostos que formas de articulação entre democracia representativa e democracia participativa são mais promissoras na defesa de interesses múltiplos, por vezes excluídos da arena política e que a eficiência de experiências participativas, como o OP, esta diretamente ligada a disposição dos governantes em compartilharem espaços de poder, mesmo em estruturas administrativas marcadas por baixos níveis de transparência e accountability. Mesmo não apresentando grandes novidades em relação a outros OP s, como o e Belo Horizonte, a contribuição do OP Contagem como uma forma alternativa de reivindicação, de mobilização e de aproximação da população da esfera pública já é um grande avanço para a democratização da gestão no município de Contagem.Item Dos laços de conexão do controle social com o sistema de controle da administração pública: avanços e desafios após a constituição federal de 1988(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2011) Serra, Rita de Cássia Chió; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4735034Y6; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4666930977365902; Reis, Márcio Carneiro dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1087939231625934Presenciam-se reflexos da remodelação institucional do aparelho do Estado, oriunda da redemocratização brasileira, em todas as esferas e Poderes, também no Sistema de Controle da Administração Pública (SCAP). Di Pietro (20l0, página 30) afirma que a democracia participativa se fortalece com a previsão de inúmeros instrumentos de atuação do cidadão no controle e na gestão de atividades da Administração Pública, o que nem sempre se efetiva na prática . O propósito da presente pesquisa é, a partir do mapeamento do Sistema de Controle da Administração Pública Federal e Estadual, destacar o fortalecimento do controle social na trajetória recente da Administração Pública brasileira, após a Constituição Federal de 1988 (CF/88), demonstrando ser ele ferramenta essencial ao melhor desempenho dos controles interno e externo e elemento essencial à efetivação da accountability brasileira. Para tanto, é traçado o desenho institucional do SCAP, na área federal e estadual, que consigna os controles interno, externo, social e de legalidade. A partir deste esquema são destacadas as formas de manifestação do controle social que vêm adquirindo evidência e sendo utilizadas, por força da legislação, pelos controles interno e externo, a fim de assegurar maior transparência de suas ações e potencializar o exercício de suas próprias funções. A abordagem do tema considera, na análise, a base teórica, o estudo da legislação acerca da matéria, o exame dos sites dos órgãos do sistema de controle interno e externo da União e Estados-membros e a pesquisa de campo no Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU) e na Controladoria Geral da União (CGU).Item O Neoconstitucionalismo e o espaço da configuração legística parlamentar sobre as políticas públicas no âmbito das Organizações Sociais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2010) Monteiro, Igor de Matos; Machado, Sulamita Crespo Carrilho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4506058361178095; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2084604177044476; Lima, Rogério Medeiros Garcia de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4429284307402203A dissertação concentra esforços em identificar o processo de desenvolvimento legislativo constitucional e infraconstitucional em torno da concepção das entidades do Terceiro Setor, mais especificamente, das Organizações Sociais (OS s): pessoas jurídicas de direito privado sem fins lucrativos, instituídas pelo Plano Diretor da Reforma do Aparelho do Estado (PDRAE), reforma que coordenou a introdução da metodologia gerencial na administração pública brasileira a partir de 1995. As OS s encaixam-se no projeto de publicização das atividades não-exclusivas do Estado, com a proposta de redirecionar o formato do aparelho estatal rumo à busca de maior governabilidade e governança pública, pautando-se no aumento da eficiência na gestão pública, na contratualização de resultados por meio de instrumento específico o contrato de gestão na accountability sobre as atividades do gestor público e no desenvolvimento da democracia participativa, atraindo a Sociedade Civil para a realização de serviços públicos em substituição ao Estado. Esta pesquisa examina a formação do Estado democrático de direito brasileiro, as influências do patrimonialismo e da burocracia weberiana sobre o desenvolvimento dos serviços públicos no Brasil. Analisa ainda as características normativas da Lei Federal nº 9.637/98, que disciplina as OS s, tendo como referência a Constituição da República de 1988, para justificar a oportunidade do ingresso do Terceiro Setor no novo paradigma administrativo brasileiro.Item O controle do Poder Legislativo sobre o Poder Executivo: uma análise dos instrumentos à disposição do Legislativo e de sua interação dentro do ecossistema de controle existente no município de Belo Horizonte(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2023) Martins, João Victor Malagoli; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6739881018308220; Carneiro, Ricardo; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; Ckagnazaroff, Ivan BeckThe Legislative Branch is widely known for its legislative function, exercised through the drafting and reform of laws which constitutes the legal framework, and also for its representative function. It can be said, that citizens elect their representatives to defend and to strive by their interests and needs in the whole society, which includes the federal, regional (state) or local (municipal) levels. It is also worth noting, that the Legislative Power is also responsible for another important function, but which is often it not given the real emphasize by society and by the representatives themselves: the supervisory function. In this sense, it is up to the Legislative Power, in addition to legislating and representing society, to supervise the acts and actions of the Executive Power, in order to certify that the planning, budget, accounts and public policies delivered to society are being carried out within legal limits, prudently, efficiently and in the public interest. Bearing in mind the importance of the oversight function, this paper addresses the instruments available to the Legislative Branch and its interaction within the existing control ecosystem, considering the local level of government. The inquiry was directed to the municipality of Belo Horizonte, addressing the means and possibilities of action in the City Council, as a representative of the Legislative Authority, within an entire apparatus and other institutions that are part of this control environment. This is, therefore, a study case, in which we intend to survey and examine the application of the main control instruments, which make the surveillance function of the Legislative Power achievable. At the end, the research analyzes the control instruments available to the Municipal Council of Belo Horizonte (CMBH), focusing on how they are used, what sorts of control they lend themselves to, how and how often they have been used, and what results are produced from the use of each one of them, also pursuing to understand how they affect and contribute to the process of accountability. From the analysis carried out, it can be noticed that, despite the use of the instruments by the councilors, the results generated from the supervisory actions of the Legislative have been little effective, in view of the low integration between the actors that belong to this envoriment.Item As organizações sociais e a implementação da accountability no processo de reforma do estado no Brasil(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2002-09-30) Santos, Nivaldo Ferreira dos; Ckagnazaroff, Ivan Beck; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6536172803067886; Somarriba, Maria das Mercês Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3149829192330097; Veiga, Laura da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7530447934015963Item Tomada de contas especial : análise da efetividade do instrumento aplicada ao caso de Minas Gerais(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2013-04-18) Quintão, Cynthia Magalhães Pinto Godoi; Carneiro, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6739881018308220; Carneiro, Ricardo; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; Rocha, Heloísa Helena NascimentoIn the context of the (current) administration, the State must assume an ever more legitimate, transparent, efficient and accountable, with the adoption of institutionalized controls constantly improved, serving at the same time as limiting the activities of agents and as a thermometer of democracy in a given society, be true shield corruption and misconduct, with a constitutional duty to be accountable as a major obligations that are imposed on the public officer. Noteworthy are the Courts of Auditors (TC) with the constitutional authority of administrative and financial oversight of government actions (MORAES, 2008), competing them, including monitoring the application of any funds transferred by the corresponding entities by agreement and apply those responsible in case of illegality or irregularity expense accounts, the penalties provided by law. Moreover, the federal aspect, proposed by the 1988 Constitution, has structured a system of division of powers, through a series of activities shifted to the local level, in order to provide more efficient public spending and give rise to more responsiveness and accountability (NÓBREGA, 2011), extending the capability of spending by municipalities (PRADO, 2003 a) and intergovernmental transfers of funds as an important arrangement for their equitable distribution, based on constitutional provisions, statutory or voluntary. Whereas the Constitution refers to the control of voluntary transfers, the Court of Accounts of the Union and the States, who have the competence to supervise the municipalities, under Articles 75 and 31, both of the Magna Carta, assume this role using control mechanisms, among which, a little known, is taking special accounts (tce), with the goal of protecting the public treasury and the agents responsible embezzlers of public funds. Under the aspect of control and accountability for acts of public officials against his duty to account for funds transferred by voluntary transfers (covenants), it is intended to study tce, structured in six chapters, check whether it is an instrument of control effective accountability of public agents causing damage to the treasury, within Minas Gerais, as irregularities in accountability agreements signed with municipalities, and their consequences in administrative, civil, criminal and electoral. Through literature, documentary and exploratory, it was possible to delay the adoption of the instrument by tce Executive Mining and processing delays at the Court of Auditors (TCEMG), weakening accountability objectified by the instrument, which points to little or no effectiveness as the accountability of public officials with the duty of responsibility in covenants. Nevertheless, the work highlights the importance of the instrument and the need to make it faster as exceptional mechanism of control.Item TV Assembleia de Minas Gerais: uma análise a partir do conceito de accountability à luz da teoria democrática contemporânea(Fundação João Pinheiro, 2019-03-26) Mascarenhas, Rodrigo Élcio Marcelo; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; Carneiro, Ricardo; Carneiro, Ricardo; Brasil, Flávia de Paula Duque; Costa, Bruno Lazzarotti Diniz; Barreto, Rachel CardosoLegislative televisions appeared in Brazil in 1995 with the objective of transmitting all the plenary meetings of the Legislative Houses of the Country, live and without cuts. After 23 years of existence, some of them, such as TV Senado, TV Câmara and TV Assembleia of Minas Gerais, have concession of radio broadcast signal and produce their own programming for 24 hours a day. In this scenario, this research investigates, in the case of TV Assembleia de Minas Gerais, the performance of the broadcaster based on the concept of accountability in light of contemporary democratic theory. For this, a study of democratic theory is carried out in an elitist, pluralist, participatory and deliberative perspective, according to which the search for democratic deepening is extracted through the adoption of deliberation tools in Public Administration, as well as through the use of so-called participatory institutions (IPs). In addition, the concept of accountability provides the research with subsidies for an analysis based on the need for instruments and mechanisms to be accountable, transparency, quality management and punishment of public agents. In relation to publicly funded broadcasters, accountability requires efficient and transparent self-regulation. With this, the research analyzes the legal framework applicable to the legislative televisions and the scenario of deliberation, participation and accountability in the TV Assembleia of Minas Gerais, based on documentary, normative data and a questionnaire applied to the journalist of the broadcaster. The result of the research suggests non-existent self-regulation, in addition to low influence of the citizens in the action of the legislative channel.